Wednesday of the Third Week in Ordinary
Time
Lectionary: 319
Lectionary: 319
Every priest stands daily at his ministry,
offering frequently those same sacrifices
that can never take away sins.
But this one offered one sacrifice for sins,
and took his seat forever at the right hand of God;
now he waits until his enemies are made his footstool.
For by one offering he has made perfect forever
those who are being consecrated.
The Holy Spirit also testifies to us, for after saying:
This is the covenant I will establish with them
after those days, says the Lord:
"I will put my laws in their hearts,
and I will write them upon their minds,"
he also says:
Their sins and their evildoing
I will remember no more.
Where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer offering for sin.
offering frequently those same sacrifices
that can never take away sins.
But this one offered one sacrifice for sins,
and took his seat forever at the right hand of God;
now he waits until his enemies are made his footstool.
For by one offering he has made perfect forever
those who are being consecrated.
The Holy Spirit also testifies to us, for after saying:
This is the covenant I will establish with them
after those days, says the Lord:
"I will put my laws in their hearts,
and I will write them upon their minds,"
he also says:
Their sins and their evildoing
I will remember no more.
Where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer offering for sin.
Responsorial
PsalmPS 110:1, 2, 3, 4
R. (4b) You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The LORD said to my Lord: "Sit at my right hand
till I make your enemies your footstool."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The scepter of your power the LORD will stretch forth from Zion:
"Rule in the midst of your enemies."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
"Yours is princely power in the day of your birth, in holy splendor;
before the daystar, like the dew, I have begotten you."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The LORD has sworn, and he will not repent:
"You are a priest forever, according to the order of Melchizedek."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The LORD said to my Lord: "Sit at my right hand
till I make your enemies your footstool."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The scepter of your power the LORD will stretch forth from Zion:
"Rule in the midst of your enemies."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
"Yours is princely power in the day of your birth, in holy splendor;
before the daystar, like the dew, I have begotten you."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
The LORD has sworn, and he will not repent:
"You are a priest forever, according to the order of Melchizedek."
R. You are a priest for ever, in the line of Melchizedek.
Alleluia
R. Alleluia,
alleluia.
The seed is the word of God, Christ is the sower;
all who come to him will live for ever.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
The seed is the word of God, Christ is the sower;
all who come to him will live for ever.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
GospelMK 4:1-20
On another occasion, Jesus began to teach by the sea.
A very large crowd gathered around him
so that he got into a boat on the sea and sat down.
And the whole crowd was beside the sea on land.
And he taught them at length in parables,
and in the course of his instruction he said to them,
"Hear this! A sower went out to sow.
And as he sowed, some seed fell on the path,
and the birds came and ate it up.
Other seed fell on rocky ground where it had little soil.
It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep.
And when the sun rose, it was scorched and it withered for lack of roots.
Some seed fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it
and it produced no grain.
And some seed fell on rich soil and produced fruit.
It came up and grew and yielded thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold."
He added, "Whoever has ears to hear ought to hear."
And when he was alone,
those present along with the Twelve
questioned him about the parables.
He answered them,
"The mystery of the Kingdom of God has been granted to you.
But to those outside everything comes in parables, so that
they may look and see but not perceive,
and hear and listen but not understand,
in order that they may not be converted and be forgiven."
Jesus said to them, "Do you not understand this parable?
Then how will you understand any of the parables?
The sower sows the word.
These are the ones on the path where the word is sown.
As soon as they hear, Satan comes at once
and takes away the word sown in them.
And these are the ones sown on rocky ground who,
when they hear the word, receive it at once with joy.
But they have no roots; they last only for a time.
Then when tribulation or persecution comes because of the word,
they quickly fall away.
Those sown among thorns are another sort.
They are the people who hear the word,
but worldly anxiety, the lure of riches,
and the craving for other things intrude and choke the word,
and it bears no fruit.
But those sown on rich soil are the ones who hear the word and accept it
and bear fruit thirty and sixty and a hundredfold."
A very large crowd gathered around him
so that he got into a boat on the sea and sat down.
And the whole crowd was beside the sea on land.
And he taught them at length in parables,
and in the course of his instruction he said to them,
"Hear this! A sower went out to sow.
And as he sowed, some seed fell on the path,
and the birds came and ate it up.
Other seed fell on rocky ground where it had little soil.
It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep.
And when the sun rose, it was scorched and it withered for lack of roots.
Some seed fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it
and it produced no grain.
And some seed fell on rich soil and produced fruit.
It came up and grew and yielded thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold."
He added, "Whoever has ears to hear ought to hear."
And when he was alone,
those present along with the Twelve
questioned him about the parables.
He answered them,
"The mystery of the Kingdom of God has been granted to you.
But to those outside everything comes in parables, so that
they may look and see but not perceive,
and hear and listen but not understand,
in order that they may not be converted and be forgiven."
Jesus said to them, "Do you not understand this parable?
Then how will you understand any of the parables?
The sower sows the word.
These are the ones on the path where the word is sown.
As soon as they hear, Satan comes at once
and takes away the word sown in them.
And these are the ones sown on rocky ground who,
when they hear the word, receive it at once with joy.
But they have no roots; they last only for a time.
Then when tribulation or persecution comes because of the word,
they quickly fall away.
Those sown among thorns are another sort.
They are the people who hear the word,
but worldly anxiety, the lure of riches,
and the craving for other things intrude and choke the word,
and it bears no fruit.
But those sown on rich soil are the ones who hear the word and accept it
and bear fruit thirty and sixty and a hundredfold."
Meditation:
Jesus taught people using parables
Why
did Jesus speak to people in parables? Like the rabbis of his time, Jesus used
simple word-pictures, called parables, to help people understand who God is and
what his kingdom or reign is like. Jesus used images and characters taken from
everyday life to create a miniature play or drama to illustrate his message.
This was Jesus' most common way of teaching. His stories appealed to the young
and old, poor and rich, and to the learned and unlearned as well. Over a third
of the Gospels by Matthew, Mark, and Luke contain parables told by Jesus.
Cyril
of Alexandria (150-215 AD ), an early church teacher, described the purpose of
Jesus' parables:
"Parables
are word pictures not of visible things, but rather of things of the mind and
the spirit. That which cannot be seen with the eyes of the body, a parable will
reveal to the eyes of the mind, informing the subtlety of the intellect by
means of things perceivable by the senses, and as it were tangible." (COMMENTARY
ON THE GOSPEL OF LUKE 8.5.4)
Parable
of the sower
What does the parable about seeds and roots say to us about the kingdom of God? Any farmer will attest to the importance of good soil for supplying nutrients for growth. And how does a plant get the necessary food and water it needs except by its roots? The Scriptures frequently use the image of fruit-bearing plants or trees to convey the principle of spiritual life and death. Blessed is the man who trusts in the Lord, whose trust is the Lord. He is like a tree planted by water, that sends out its roots by the stream, and does not fear when heat comes, for its leaves remain green, and is not anxious in the year of drought, for it does not cease to bear fruit (Jeremiah 17:7-8; see also Psalm 1:3).
What does the parable about seeds and roots say to us about the kingdom of God? Any farmer will attest to the importance of good soil for supplying nutrients for growth. And how does a plant get the necessary food and water it needs except by its roots? The Scriptures frequently use the image of fruit-bearing plants or trees to convey the principle of spiritual life and death. Blessed is the man who trusts in the Lord, whose trust is the Lord. He is like a tree planted by water, that sends out its roots by the stream, and does not fear when heat comes, for its leaves remain green, and is not anxious in the year of drought, for it does not cease to bear fruit (Jeremiah 17:7-8; see also Psalm 1:3).
Jesus'
parable of the sower is aimed at the hearers of his word. There are different
ways of accepting God's word and they produce different kinds of fruit
accordingly. There is the prejudiced hearer who has a shut mind. Such a person
is unteachable and blind to what he or she doesn't want to hear. Then there is
the shallow hearer. He or she fails to think things out or think them through;
they lack depth. They may initially respond with an emotional reaction; but
when it wears off their mind wanders to something else.
Another
type of hearer is the person who has many interests or cares, but who lacks the
ability to hear or comprehend what is truly important. Such a person is too
busy to pray or too preoccupied to study and meditate on God's word.
Then
there is the one whose mind is open. Such a person is at all times willing to
listen and to learn. He or she is never too proud or too busy to learn. They
listen in order to understand. God gives grace to those who hunger for his word
that they may understand his will and have the strength to live according to
it. Do you hunger for God's word?
Secrets
of the kingdom
Why does Jesus say that the secrets of the kingdom of God will be revealed to some while others will not be able to recognize nor understand the kingdom of God (Mark 4:11-12)? Origen (185-254 AD), an early church Bible scholar, comments on why Jesus makes a distinction between those who are ready to hear and understand his message with those who are not ready to hear nor understand:
Why does Jesus say that the secrets of the kingdom of God will be revealed to some while others will not be able to recognize nor understand the kingdom of God (Mark 4:11-12)? Origen (185-254 AD), an early church Bible scholar, comments on why Jesus makes a distinction between those who are ready to hear and understand his message with those who are not ready to hear nor understand:
"Sometimes
it does not turn out to be an advantage for one to be healed quickly or
superficially, especially if the disease by this means becomes even more shut
up in the internal organs where it rages more fiercely. Therefore God, who
perceives secret things and who knows all things before they come to be, in his
great goodness delays the healing of such persons and defers the remedy to a
later time. If I may speak paradoxically, God heals them by not healing them,
lest a premature recovery of health should render them incurable. This pertains
to those whom our Lord and Savior addressed as 'those outside,' whose hearts
and reins he searches out. Jesus covered up the deeper mysteries of the faith
in veiled speech to those who were not yet ready to receive his teaching in
straightforward terms. The Lord wanted to prevent the unready from being too
speedily converted and only cosmetically healed. If the forgiveness of their
sins were too easily obtained, they would soon fall again into the same
disorder of sin which they imagined could be cured without any
difficulty." (ON FIRST PRINCIPLES 3.1.7)
The
Lord Jesus will give us perceiving eyes and listening ears to understand the
message of his kingdom if we approach him with faith and humility and the
readiness to be taught. The proud cannot see nor hear the truth of God's
kingdom because they trust in their own opinion and perception of what is true
or real. They have shut their minds to the supernatural truth of God and his
word. Do you approach God's word with trust and humility or with doubtful pride
and skepticism?
"Lord
Jesus, faith in your word is the way to wisdom, and to ponder your divine plan
is to grow in the truth. Open my eyes to your deeds, and my ears to the sound
of your call, that I may understand your will for my life and live according to
it".
Daily
Quote from the early church fathers: Why does this generation seek a sign,
by John Chrysostom (347-407 AD)
"As
the sower fairly and indiscriminately disperses seed broadly over all his
field, so does God offer gifts to all,11 making no distinction between rich and
poor, wise and foolish, lazy or diligent, brave or cowardly. He addresses
everyone, fulfilling his part, although knowing the results beforehand... Why
then, tell me, was so much of the seed lost? Not through the sower, but through
the ground that received it - meaning the soul that did not listen... Even
though more seed would be lost than survive, the disciples were not to lose
heart. For it is the way of the Lord never to stop sowing the seed, even when
he knows beforehand that some of it will not respond. But how can it be
reasonable, one asks, to sow among the thorns, or on the rock, or alongside the
road? Maybe it is not reasonable insofar as it pertains only to seeds and
earth, for the bare rock is not likely to turn into tillable soil, and the
roadside will remain roadside and the thorns, thorns. But in the case of free
wills and their reasonable instruction, this kind of sowing is praiseworthy.
For the rocky soul can in time turn into rich soil. Among souls, the wayside
may come no longer to be trampled by all that pass, and may become a fertile
field. The thorns may be destroyed and the seed enjoy full growth. For had this
not been impossible, this sower would not have sown. And even if no change
whatever occurs in the soul, this is no fault of the sower, but of those who
are unwilling to be changed. He has done his part." (excerpt
from GOSPEL OF ST. MATTHEW, HOMILY 44.5.1)
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 30, MARK 4:1-20
Weekday
(Hebrews 10:19-25; Psalm 24)
Weekday
(Hebrews 10:19-25; Psalm 24)
KEY VERSE: "Anyone who has ears to hear ought to hear" (v 23).
TO KNOW: Jesus regularly taught by means of parables but many people were unresponsive to his message. He cited the prophet Isaiah (6: 9) to show that the reason why they did not get the point of his teachings was that their eyes, ears and hearts were closed to his revelation. Jesus admonished his disciples to listen carefully. God had blessed them abundantly through his teaching; therefore, much would be expected of them. Since they had been given the light of faith, they had the obligation to share their belief with others. Their faith must not be hidden, but must shine brightly like a lamp that illuminated the whole household. Anyone who rejected the light of truth would continue to live in darkness.
TO LOVE: Have I been a source of light or darkness to others today?
TO SERVE: Lord Jesus, I pray that your light will shine through me in all that I do.
Wednesday 30 January 2019
Hebrews 10:11-18. Psalm 109(110):1-4. Mark 4:1-20.
You are a priest for ever, in the line of
Melchizedek – Psalm 109(110):1-4.
‘Let anyone with ears to hear listen!’
The image of a sower is not as familiar to us as it would have
been in Jesus’ time. The message of the parable, however, is just as relevant,
and just as liberating. One central theme is the importance of discernment in
our own reception of God’s word. It is good for us to reflect on our own
response to each challenge in our life. In that way our awareness of God’s
invitations can become ever deeper.
For all of us, there are times when the seed is choked within us
and times when it falls on good soil. We are dependent on God to tell us how
best to prepare the ground. Father, help us to use the ears you have given us.
Blessed Mary Angela Truszkowska
Saint of the Day for January 30
(May 16, 1825 – October 10, 1899)
 |
| Mother Angela | Felician Sisters of North America | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania |
Blessed Mary Angela Truszkowska’s Story
Today we honor a woman who submitted to God’s will throughout
her life—a life filled with pain and suffering.
Born in 1825 in central Poland and baptized Sophia, she
contracted tuberculosis as a young girl. The forced period of convalescence
gave her ample time for reflection. Sophia felt called to serve God by working
with the poor, including street children and the elderly homeless in Warsaw’s
slums. In time, her cousin joined her in the work.
In 1855, the two women made private vows and consecrated
themselves to the Blessed Mother. New followers joined them. Within two years,
they formed a new congregation, which came to be known as the Felician Sisters.
As their numbers grew, so did their work, and so did the pressures on Mother
Angela (the new name Sophia took in religious life).
Mother Angela served as superior for many years until ill health
forced her to resign at the age of 44. She watched the order grow and expand,
including missions to the United States among the sons and daughters of Polish
immigrants.
Pope John Paul II beatified her in 1993. Her Liturgical Feast
Day is October 10.
Reflection
Like Saints Francis of Assisi and Ignatius of Antioch,
Blessed Mary Angela experienced a conversion while convalescing from an
illness. The Lord can use sickness as well as other situations to speak to the
heart of an individual. This does not imply that God caused the illness; just
that he used the opportunity to speak to Blessed Angela’s heart.
LECTIO DIVINA: MARK 4:1-20
Lectio Divina:
Wednesday, January 30, 2019
Ordinary Time
1) Opening prayer
All-powerful and ever-living God,
direct Your love that is within us,
that our efforts in the name of Your Son
may bring the human race to unity and peace.
We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ, Your Son,
who lives and reigns with You and the Holy Spirit,
One God, for ever and ever. Amen.
direct Your love that is within us,
that our efforts in the name of Your Son
may bring the human race to unity and peace.
We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ, Your Son,
who lives and reigns with You and the Holy Spirit,
One God, for ever and ever. Amen.
2) Gospel Reading - Mark 4:1-20
On another occasion, Jesus began to teach by the sea. A
very large crowd gathered around him so that he got into a boat on the sea and
sat down. And the whole crowd was beside the sea on land. And he taught them at
length in parables, and in the course of his instruction he said to them,
"Hear this! A sower went out to sow. And as he sowed, some seed fell on
the path, and the birds came and ate it up. Other seed fell on rocky ground where
it had little soil. It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep. And
when the sun rose, it was scorched and it withered for lack of roots. Some seed
fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it and it produced no
grain. And some seed fell on rich soil and produced fruit. It came up and grew
and yielded thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold." He added, "Whoever has
ears to hear ought to hear." And when he was alone, those present along
with the Twelve questioned him about the parables. He answered them, "The
mystery of the Kingdom of God has been granted to you. But to those outside
everything comes in parables, so that they may look and see but not perceive,
and hear and listen but not understand, in order that they may not be converted
and be forgiven." Jesus said to them, "Do you not understand this
parable? Then how will you understand any of the parables? The sower sows the
word. These are the ones on the path where the word is sown. As soon as they
hear, Satan comes at once and takes away the word sown in them. And these are
the ones sown on rocky ground who, when they hear the word, receive it at once
with joy. But they have no roots; they last only for a time. Then when
tribulation or persecution comes because of the word, they quickly fall away.
Those sown among thorns are another sort. They are the people who hear the
word, but worldly anxiety, the lure of riches, and the craving for other things
intrude and choke the word, and it bears no fruit. But those sown on rich soil
are the ones who hear the word and accept it and bear fruit thirty and sixty
and a hundredfold."
3) Reflection
• Sitting in the boat, Jesus taught the crowds. In these verses,
Mark describes the way in which Jesus teaches the crowd: on the seaside,
sitting in the boat, with many people around listening to Him. Jesus was not a
cultured person (Jn 7:15). He had not frequented the superior school of
Jerusalem. He had come from the country side, from Nazareth. He was someone who
was unknown. He was a craftsman and a country man. Without asking permission
from the authorities, He began to teach the people. He spoke in a very
different way. People liked to listen to Him.
• Jesus helped people perceive the mysterious presence of the Kingdom in the things of life by means of parables. A parable is a comparison. He uses the known and visible things of life to explain the invisible and unknown things of the Kingdom of God. For example, the people from Galilee understood when He spoke of seeds, soil, rain, the sun, salt, flowers, fish, harvest, etc. His parable uses these things which were known to the people to explain the mysteries of the Kingdom.
• The parable of the sower is a picture of the life of the farmer. At that time it was not easy to get a livelihood from agriculture. The land was full of stones. There were many bushes, little rain and much sun. Many times people, in order to take a shortcut, passed through the fields and stepped on the plants. (Mk 2:23). But in spite of that, every year, the farmer sowed and planted, trusting in the force of the seed, in the generosity of nature.
• He who has ears to listen, let him listen! Jesus begins the parable saying, “Listen!” (Mk 4:3). Now, at the end, He says, “He who has ears to listen, let him listen!” The way to understand the parable is by listening and thinking, “trying to understand!” The parable does not give us everything ready made, but induces those who listen to think and discover, based on the lived experience that they have of the seed. It induces creativity and participation. It is not a doctrine that arrives ready made to be taught and decorated. The parable does not give bottled water, but rather, leads one to the fountain or source. The farmer who listens, says, “Seed in the ground, I know what that is!” But Jesus says that this has something to do with the Kingdom of God. What would this be? One can already guess the long conversations of the crowd. The parable affects the people and moves them to listen to nature and to think about life.
• Jesus explains the parable to His disciples. At home, alone with Jesus, the disciples want to know the meaning of the parable. They do not understand it. Jesus is surprised at their ignorance (Mk 4:13) and responds with a difficult and mysterious phrase. He tells His disciples, “To you is granted the secret of the Kingdom of God; but to those who are outside everything comes in parables, so that they may look and not perceive, listen but not understand, to avoid changing their ways and being healed!” This phrase leads people to ask themselves “then what good is the parable? To clarify or to hide?” Perhaps Jesus uses parables in order for people to continue to live in ignorance and not reach conversion? Certainly not! Because at another point Mark says that Jesus used parables “according to what they could understand” (Mk 4:33).
• The parable reveals and hides at the same time! It reveals to “those who are inside,” who accept Jesus, the Messiah, the Servant. It hides for those who insist on considering Him the glorious king. They understand the images of the parable, but they do not grasp the significance.
• The explanation of the parable in its different parts. One after another, Jesus explains the parts of the parable, seed and soil, up to the harvest time. Some scholars hold that this explanation was added later and would have been given to some communities. This is quite possible, because in the bud of the parable there is already the flower of the explanation. Bud and flower, both have the same origin which is Jesus. For this reason, we can continue to reflect and discover other beautiful things in the parable. Once a person asked in community, “Jesus has said that we should be salt. For what does salt serve?” This was discussed and at the end more than ten different purposes for salt were discovered! These meanings were applied to the life of the community and it was discovered that to be salt is something difficult and demanding. The parable functioned! Salt not only has uses, but in Jesus' time it had high value. The Romans used it as money and in the difficult hot climate it was needed by the human body to survive. Salt was valuable and gave life! The same for the seed. Everybody has some experience of the seed.
• Jesus helped people perceive the mysterious presence of the Kingdom in the things of life by means of parables. A parable is a comparison. He uses the known and visible things of life to explain the invisible and unknown things of the Kingdom of God. For example, the people from Galilee understood when He spoke of seeds, soil, rain, the sun, salt, flowers, fish, harvest, etc. His parable uses these things which were known to the people to explain the mysteries of the Kingdom.
• The parable of the sower is a picture of the life of the farmer. At that time it was not easy to get a livelihood from agriculture. The land was full of stones. There were many bushes, little rain and much sun. Many times people, in order to take a shortcut, passed through the fields and stepped on the plants. (Mk 2:23). But in spite of that, every year, the farmer sowed and planted, trusting in the force of the seed, in the generosity of nature.
• He who has ears to listen, let him listen! Jesus begins the parable saying, “Listen!” (Mk 4:3). Now, at the end, He says, “He who has ears to listen, let him listen!” The way to understand the parable is by listening and thinking, “trying to understand!” The parable does not give us everything ready made, but induces those who listen to think and discover, based on the lived experience that they have of the seed. It induces creativity and participation. It is not a doctrine that arrives ready made to be taught and decorated. The parable does not give bottled water, but rather, leads one to the fountain or source. The farmer who listens, says, “Seed in the ground, I know what that is!” But Jesus says that this has something to do with the Kingdom of God. What would this be? One can already guess the long conversations of the crowd. The parable affects the people and moves them to listen to nature and to think about life.
• Jesus explains the parable to His disciples. At home, alone with Jesus, the disciples want to know the meaning of the parable. They do not understand it. Jesus is surprised at their ignorance (Mk 4:13) and responds with a difficult and mysterious phrase. He tells His disciples, “To you is granted the secret of the Kingdom of God; but to those who are outside everything comes in parables, so that they may look and not perceive, listen but not understand, to avoid changing their ways and being healed!” This phrase leads people to ask themselves “then what good is the parable? To clarify or to hide?” Perhaps Jesus uses parables in order for people to continue to live in ignorance and not reach conversion? Certainly not! Because at another point Mark says that Jesus used parables “according to what they could understand” (Mk 4:33).
• The parable reveals and hides at the same time! It reveals to “those who are inside,” who accept Jesus, the Messiah, the Servant. It hides for those who insist on considering Him the glorious king. They understand the images of the parable, but they do not grasp the significance.
• The explanation of the parable in its different parts. One after another, Jesus explains the parts of the parable, seed and soil, up to the harvest time. Some scholars hold that this explanation was added later and would have been given to some communities. This is quite possible, because in the bud of the parable there is already the flower of the explanation. Bud and flower, both have the same origin which is Jesus. For this reason, we can continue to reflect and discover other beautiful things in the parable. Once a person asked in community, “Jesus has said that we should be salt. For what does salt serve?” This was discussed and at the end more than ten different purposes for salt were discovered! These meanings were applied to the life of the community and it was discovered that to be salt is something difficult and demanding. The parable functioned! Salt not only has uses, but in Jesus' time it had high value. The Romans used it as money and in the difficult hot climate it was needed by the human body to survive. Salt was valuable and gave life! The same for the seed. Everybody has some experience of the seed.
4) Personal questions
• What experience do you have with seeds? How does this help you
understand the Good News better?
• What type of soil are you?
• What type of soil are you?
5) Concluding prayer
Fix your gaze on Yahweh
and your face will grow bright,
you will never hang your head in shame. (Ps 34:5)
and your face will grow bright,
you will never hang your head in shame. (Ps 34:5)
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