ADVENT
The Liturgical Year begins with the first Sunday of Advent, a time of joyful anticipation of the Incarnation of Christ, God's love made visible. "Advent" is a Latin word (adventus) meaning "coming." During Advent, Christians prepare for the coming of the Lord into the world through the birth of God's Son, Jesus Christ, and for his final coming at the end of time. The season of Advent reminds us of the three-fold comings of Christ:
1. The first advent, the birth of Jesus
2. The re-birth of Jesus in our own lives
3. The second advent, the final coming of Jesus Christ
The
Advent-Christmas-Epiphany season that we celebrate as Christians is not just an
observance of events that happened long ago. It is not a sentimental birthday
of the "baby Jesus." Nor is the season exclusively future oriented,
watching and waiting for the coming of the exalted Christ at the end of time.
The season is a celebration of God's self-disclosure in Jesus Christ, the
eternal Emmanuel -- God who was with the people in the past and who is with us
now and for all time to come.
No one knows the actual date on which the Child Jesus was born. The date on which the Church observes his birth is more symbolic value than anything, coming five days after the winter solstice. Thus we celebrate the Word become flesh, coming to dwell among us as the light of the human race, just after the darkest point of the solar year. And so Christmas is a holy day second only to Easter in the Roman calendar.
No one knows the actual date on which the Child Jesus was born. The date on which the Church observes his birth is more symbolic value than anything, coming five days after the winter solstice. Thus we celebrate the Word become flesh, coming to dwell among us as the light of the human race, just after the darkest point of the solar year. And so Christmas is a holy day second only to Easter in the Roman calendar.
Advent
takes its meaning from Christ's passion, death, resurrection, ascension, and
sending of the Spirit. For three hundred years the church celebrated no other
aspect of Christ than this paschal mystery. Our Christmas celebration takes its
meaning from this mystery. The crib, the cross, and the crown are closely
connected.
Advent
is a time of joyful anticipation of the realization of God's promise. It is a
grace-filled season of new hope, new life, and new love. There is a sense of
urgency in Advent that wakes us up from our complacency. Advent should
challenge us to prepare ourselves and our world for the full coming of the
kingdom of peace and justice.
As
we prepare to exchange gifts with our loved ones, we must also prepare
ourselves for the true gift of God's love. Do we accept God's gift with
gratitude? Do we proclaim the good news to others? Are we becoming more
ADVENTurous by being more joyful, hopeful, faithful lovers of ourselves, God,
and others. Are we watching and preparing for Christ's coming now and at the
end of time? The preface for Advent reminds us to "Watch for the day"
so that our hearts may be "filled with wonder and praise" when the
Lord comes. Christ's coming will only be recognized by those who are alert to
his appearance every day. May this season of Emmanuel fill you with the Lord's
abiding presence.
First Sunday of Advent
Lectionary: 3
The days are coming, says the LORD,
when I will fulfill the promise
I made to the house of Israel and Judah.
In those days, in that time,
I will raise up for David a just shoot ;
he shall do what is right and just in the land.
In those days Judah shall be safe
and Jerusalem shall dwell secure;
this is what they shall call her:
"The LORD our justice."
when I will fulfill the promise
I made to the house of Israel and Judah.
In those days, in that time,
I will raise up for David a just shoot ;
he shall do what is right and just in the land.
In those days Judah shall be safe
and Jerusalem shall dwell secure;
this is what they shall call her:
"The LORD our justice."
Responsorial Psalm Ps 25:4-5, 8-9, 10, 14
R. (1b) To
you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
Your ways, O LORD, make known to me;
teach me your paths,
Guide me in your truth and teach me,
for you are God my savior,
and for you I wait all the day.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
Good and upright is the LORD;
thus he shows sinners the way.
He guides the humble to justice,
and teaches the humble his way.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
All the paths of the LORD are kindness and constancy
toward those who keep his covenant and his decrees.
The friendship of the LORD is with those who fear him,
and his covenant, for their instruction.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
Your ways, O LORD, make known to me;
teach me your paths,
Guide me in your truth and teach me,
for you are God my savior,
and for you I wait all the day.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
Good and upright is the LORD;
thus he shows sinners the way.
He guides the humble to justice,
and teaches the humble his way.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
All the paths of the LORD are kindness and constancy
toward those who keep his covenant and his decrees.
The friendship of the LORD is with those who fear him,
and his covenant, for their instruction.
R. To you, O Lord, I lift my soul.
Reading 2 1 Thes 3:12-4:2
Brothers and sisters:
May the Lord make you increase and abound in love
for one another and for all,
just as we have for you,
so as to strengthen your hearts,
to be blameless in holiness before our God and Father
at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his holy ones. Amen.
Finally, brothers and sisters,
we earnestly ask and exhort you in the Lord Jesus that,
as you received from us
how you should conduct yourselves to please God
and as you are conducting yourselves
you do so even more.
For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.
May the Lord make you increase and abound in love
for one another and for all,
just as we have for you,
so as to strengthen your hearts,
to be blameless in holiness before our God and Father
at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his holy ones. Amen.
Finally, brothers and sisters,
we earnestly ask and exhort you in the Lord Jesus that,
as you received from us
how you should conduct yourselves to please God
and as you are conducting yourselves
you do so even more.
For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.
Gospel Lk 21:25-28, 34-36
Jesus said to his disciples:
"There will be signs in the sun, the moon, and the stars,
and on earth nations will be in dismay,
perplexed by the roaring of the sea and the waves.
People will die of fright
in anticipation of what is coming upon the world,
for the powers of the heavens will be shaken.
And then they will see the Son of Man
coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
But when these signs begin to happen,
stand erect and raise your heads
because your redemption is at hand.
"Beware that your hearts do not become drowsy
from carousing and drunkenness
and the anxieties of daily life,
and that day catch you by surprise like a trap.
For that day will assault everyone
who lives on the face of the earth.
Be vigilant at all times
and pray that you have the strength
to escape the tribulations that are imminent
and to stand before the Son of Man."
"There will be signs in the sun, the moon, and the stars,
and on earth nations will be in dismay,
perplexed by the roaring of the sea and the waves.
People will die of fright
in anticipation of what is coming upon the world,
for the powers of the heavens will be shaken.
And then they will see the Son of Man
coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
But when these signs begin to happen,
stand erect and raise your heads
because your redemption is at hand.
"Beware that your hearts do not become drowsy
from carousing and drunkenness
and the anxieties of daily life,
and that day catch you by surprise like a trap.
For that day will assault everyone
who lives on the face of the earth.
Be vigilant at all times
and pray that you have the strength
to escape the tribulations that are imminent
and to stand before the Son of Man."
www.usccb.org
Scripture Study
December 2, 2012 First
Sunday of Advent
HAPPY NEW YEAR! This Sunday we celebrate the First Sunday
of Advent and begin the cycle of the Liturgical year all over again. This
Sunday we begin Year C in which the reading selections are built around the
Gospel of Luke. Advent is a celebration lasting for four Sundays which focuses
on the "already" and the "not yet" aspects of Christianity
as we wait for the complete manifestation of the Kingdom. Among the things
pointed out by the Advent season are the three ways in which Christ entered and
still enters our world:
- He was born in Bethlehem
about 2000 years ago.
- He comes to us every day in
each of our sisters and brothers.
- He will come again in glory as the victorious, Messianic King of Kings.
We begin the Advent season this Sunday by considering the
last of these three ways in which Jesus comes. The first reading is a prophecy
by Jeremiah which has always been seen by Christians as having been fulfilled
in Christ. The second reading provides encouragement in the proper way to spend
our time as we await the Lord's return. The Gospel reading provides Jesus'
instructions on how we are to wait for Him and how we ought to respond to His
return. The readings call on me to reflect on what my reaction would be. Would
my love for Jesus give me cause to rejoice at His return or would I be fearful
of the truth that He brings with Him? It is not too late. Because His love for
me is part of the truth that He brings I can be saved by that love and meet Him
"erect and raise my head because my redemption is at hand." It does,
however, require a decision. It requires that I accept His love and salvation.
NOTES on First Reading:
This is the longest
continuous passage in the Book of Jeremiah that is not found in the Greek
version. It appears to be the postexilic composition of an inspired writer who
acted as a redactor (editor) and frequently used parts of the prophecies of
Jeremiah in a sense different from the one originally intended by the prophet.
The Church has always taken this passage as a prophecy about Jesus.
* 33:14-26 The
prediction of an eternal Davidic dynasty, Jer 33:14-17, to fulfill the prophecy
of Nathan , 2 Sam 7:11-16, and of a perpetual priesthood and sacrifice, Jer
33:18, was not to be realized even in the restoration of the Jewish nation
after the exile. The prophecy finds its fulfillment only in Jesus of Nazareth,
who combined an eternal priesthood with His messianic Davidic kingship. See
Hebrews 6:20; 7:24-25.
* 33:15-16 The redactor
uses the oracle of the future king from 23:5-6. Jerusalem replaces Israel in
the prophecy.
NOTES on Second Reading:
The reading is part prayer
and part exhortation. The prayer begins in verse 11 which immediately precedes
our reading. Since ancient style and custom did not allow the placement of
direct prayers in a letter this prayer is in the form of a blessing although it
is more properly a prayer of intercession. In verse 11 the first petition is
addressed to God our Father and to the Lord Jesus but the verb is singular as
if the Father and Jesus are to act as one.
* 3:12 The second
petition is addressed to Jesus as the risen Lord who will return in glory. He
asks for a superabundance of love directed both within and beyond the local
community of believers. The apostles are to serve as examples and models of
love.
* 3:13 The third petition
asks for strength that they may be found holy and blameless at the return of
Jesus. The word translated as "coming" is a technical term
"Parousia" which literally means "presence" and focuses on
the coming of Jesus as Lord. See similar language in 1:10; 4:16-17; 2:19; 4:15;
5:23; 2 Thes 2:1,8,9; Matt 24:3;27,37,39; Jas 5:7,8; 2 Peter 1:16; Zech 14:5.
* 4:1 Paul is diplomatic
and gentle yet he speaks with the authority of Jesus Christ. He writes as a
pastor, attempting to commend and encourage. He also reminds them of his
earlier teaching which will be identified as traditional, by the formula of
2:13 which uses rabbinical language typical for passing on tradition. The
emphasis here is on conducting themselves in accord with the faith handed on to
them.
* 4:2 Instructions
include guidelines on the basis of the Lord's authority, although not
necessarily sayings Jesus actually uttered. As 1 Thes 4:8 implies, the
instructions are practical principles that Paul worked out in line with his
understanding of the role of the Spirit.
NOTES on Gospel:
This section of the
gospel describes the events of the end times that precede the return of the
Lord. The cosmic signs are standard prophetic language indicating Divine
intervention and involvement in the events. We are admonished to await the
Lord's return, not in fear but in confidence. With the early believers we share
the Advent cry of Maranatha! "Come, Lord Jesus!"
* 21:25 Luke returns
to the cosmological signs of v 11 but introduces a new element of Christology.
Jesus is portrayed as the victorious Son of Man who controls even the forces of
evil.
* 21:28 A strong note
of hope for the faithful ones is injected here. Rather than cowering in fear
the faithful disciples are to stand erect in confidence for the return of Jesus
is to result in their redemption and the full realization of all God's promises
in Jesus.
* 21:33 The words of
Jesus have eternal significance. Their value and importance will outlast the
world itself.
* 21:34-36 This is a
short set of admonitions or exhortations. Parallels are 8:11-15;11:5-8;12:22-31,45;18:1-8.
* 21:37-38 The people
who will form the foundation of the reconstituted Israel are open to hearing
the word of God from His prophet, Jesus. These verses form an inclusio with
19:47-48.
www.st-raymond-dublin.org
Meditation: "Look up, your redemption is drawing near"
How good are you at reading signs, especially signs which God
sends our way? The people of Jesus' time expected that the coming of the
Messiah would be accompanied by extraordinary signs and wonders. Jesus' first
coming was clouded in mystery and surprising wonderment: Even though he was the
rightful heir to the throne of King David, he was born in obscurity in a cave
at Bethlehem, near the place where David had watched over his father's sheep
some 1000 years before. A choir of mighty angels chose to announce the good
news to a small band of lowly shepherds keeping their night watch nearby.
Learned magi from the East, who recognized a great omen in the heavenly sky,
followed the star until it led them to Bethlehem. They alone found the child
with his mother and paid him homage as the newborn king of Israel. When Jesus
humbly submitted to baptism at the River Jordan, the heavenly Father spoke
audibly for those nearby who were willing to listen, "This is my beloved
Son with whom I am well pleased."
Jesus, during his public ministry performed numerous signs:
turning water into wine, calming the storm at sea and walking on water,
multiplying seven loaves of bread in the wilderness to feed 5000 people,
healing the blind and the lame, expelling demons, and raising the dead. While
many believed in Jesus, many also questioned his signs and refused to believe
his claim to be the Messiah sent by the heavenly Father to suffer and die for
our sake and for our salvation on the cross of Calvary. Jesus' last and
greatest sign during his earthly ministry was his rising from the tomb on the
third day after his crucifixion. This sign demonstrated his power to defeat
death itself and to give abundant everlasting life to all who believed in him.
Jesus told his disciples that his final great sign would be his
return in glory at the end of the age. He would come this second time as Judge
and Merciful Redeemer to vindicate those who accepted him as Lord and Savior
and to punish those who rejected him. Jesus declared that this last sign at the
end of the world would be unmistakable. All would recognize and "see the
Son of man coming in a cloud with power and great glory" (Luke 21:27). The
title which Jesus most often used to describe his Messianic role was the expression
"Son of Man". This title comes from the Book of the prophet Daniel,
chapter 7. The image of a "Son of man coming in a cloud with power and
great glory" was given in a vision where the prophet Daniel saw heaven
opened before the throne of God (Daniel 7:13-14). In this vision God showed
Daniel a royal investiture of a human king before God's throne. This king was
invested with God's authority and was given power to judge and rule over the
whole earth. His reign would last for all ages.
The Jews of Jesus' day were looking for a Messiah King who would
free them from the oppressive rule of pagan Rome. Many had hoped that Jesus
would be their victorious conquerer. They missed, however, the most important
sign and reason for the Messiah's first coming – his death on the cross as the
atoning sacrifice for the sins of the world and his triumphant victory over
death and Satan when he rose on the third day. The Lord Jesus is both the
"Son of David", the rightful heir and Messiah King of Israel whose
reign will endure for all ages (Psalm 89:3-4,29,36-37) – and the "Son of
Man", chosen by God as the annointed ruler who will come at the end of the
age to establish a universal kingdom of peace, righteousness, and justice for
all the nations and peoples of the earth.
The prophet Jeremiah fortold the day when God would send his
Messiah King to "execute justice
and righteousness in the land" (Jeremiah 33:15). Jesus is the fulfillment
of this promise and every promise which God has made. The Lord Jesus, through
the gift and working of the Holy Spirit who dwells within us, assures us of his
abiding presence and the promise that he will return again. His Holy Spirit
gives us supernatural hope, and the strength to persevere with joyful
confidence until the Lord comes again. What kind of hope does the Lord offer
us? He gives us the hope of heaven, seeing God face to face, sharing in the
fulness of his glory and everlasting life. When the Lord comes again as our
Judge and merciful Redeemer he will right every wrong, vindicate every person
who has accepted him as Lord and Savior, and remove all sorrow, pain, and death
itself (Revelations 21:4). The world around us is plagued with greed, envy,
strife, and uncertainty. It has lost hope in God and in his promise to restore
the human race and all of creation when the Lord Jesus comes again.
Jesus' prophetic description of the end of time and the day of
judgment was not new to the people of
Israel. The prophets had foretold these events many centuries before.
"Behold the day of the Lord comes, cruel, with wrath and fierce anger to
make the earth a desolation and to destroy its sinners from it" (Isaiah
13:9-13; see also Joel 2:1-2; Amos
5:18-20; Zephaniah 1:14-18). Jesus speaks of the second coming as a known fact,
a for certain event we can expect to take place. This coming will be marked by
signs that all will recognize; signs which will strike terror in those
unprepared and wonder in those who are ready to meet the Lord. When the Lord
returns he will establish final justice and righteousness over the earth by
overthrowing his enemies and by vindicating those who have been faithful to
him. The anticipation of his final judgment is a sign of hope for all who trust
in him.
What can keep us from recognizing the signs of the Lord's presence
and action today? Indifference and the
temptation to slacken off – to become passive and lethargic or to fall asleep
spiritually. It is very easy to get caught up in the things of the present
moment or to be weighed down with troubles. The Lord knows our shortcomings and
struggles and he gives us the strength to bear our burdens and to walk in his
way of holiness. But there is one thing he doesn't tolerate: an attitude of
indifference, being passive, not caring, and doing nothing when we could be actively
seeking God and his kingdom! God is ready to give us fresh vision, hope, and
grace to walk in his ways. He wants to work in and through us for his glory.
That is why he expects more of us than we can do by ourselves. His grace
enables us to actively watch for his action in our lives, and to actively
pray for perseverance and endurance when
we face trials and difficulties. The Lord gives us his strength to overcome
temptation, especially from apostasy – the denial of the Lord Jesus out of fear
or pride. God is ever ready to fill us with his strength and divine power. Is
your heart hungry for God or is it weighed down by other things?
Many
churches in the East and West, since the early first centuries of the Christian
era, have marked special seasons to celebrate the central truths of the
Christian faith. The Advent season which precedes Christmas and Epiphany
reminds us that we are a pilgrim people, aliens and exiles in this age who long
for our true home with God in his heavenly kingdom, and who await with joyful
hope the return of the Lord Jesus at the end of the age. When will the Lord
Jesus come again? No one but the Father in heaven knows the day. But it is a
certain fact that we are living in the end times, the close of this present
age! The end times begin with the first coming of Jesus Christ (his Incarnation
which we celebrate at Christmas and Epiphany) and culminates in his final
return on the Day of Judgment.
"Lord Jesus,
may I never lose sight of the signs of your presence in my life and the signs
of your action in the world today. Free me from spiritual dullness,
indifference, and every distraction that would keep me from you. May I never
tire of listening to your word, seeking you in prayer, and longing for your
return in glory."
www.dailyscripture.net
|
Make Ready,
the Lord is Coming
 |
|
Matthew Reinhardt, Consecrated Member of
Regnum Christi
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Luke 21:25-28, 34-36
Jesus said to his
disciples: "There will be signs in the sun, the moon, and the stars, and
on earth nations will be in dismay, perplexed by the roaring of the sea and
the waves. People will die of fright in anticipation of what is coming upon
the world, for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. And then they will
see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. But when
these signs begin to happen, stand erect and raise your heads because your
redemption is at hand. Beware that your hearts do not become drowsy from
carousing and drunkenness and the anxieties of daily life, and that day catch
you by surprise like a trap. For that day will assault everyone who lives on
the face of the earth. Be vigilant at all times and pray that you have the
strength to escape the tribulations that are imminent and to stand before the
Son of Man."
Introductory Prayer: Heavenly Father, I
gladly spend a few minutes with you, to be close to you, because you know how
much I need your presence and grace in my life. You deserve to be the center
of my thoughts and desires; but often I let myself be taken up by the
anxieties of daily life. Sorry Lord, but at least here I am right now, hungry
for you alone. Today, Lord, I accompany the whole Church as we begin the
Advent Season and begin to prepare for your coming to earth as a baby on
Christmas morning.
Petition: Lord, prepare my heart for your coming at
Christmas.
1. The World Then and Now: When Christ came to
earth 2,000 years ago he encountered a world similar to the one we live in:
far from God and full of anxiety. The lives of many people of Christ’s time
were devoid of meaning because God had not yet sent his Son into the world.
Today, as then, our world often lives as if Christ had never come to earth.
But hope is not lost. Christ is our hope! Is my life full of meaning
rooted in Christ’s saving message, or do I permit worries and selfish desires
to choke my spirit?
2. Christ Is Coming: Advent and Christmas are all about
Christ coming to earth to give us hope. On that cold, quiet, star-filled
winter’s night in a little, poor cave in Bethlehem, God was born into our
world. The Almighty came into the world as a small, poor, innocent baby
adored only by his mother and father and some animals. Yes, this child is the
reason for our hope, infinite hope, because he is an infinite God making an
infinite act of love for us. To permit my soul to be filled with this quiet,
gentle hope, what noise within my heart first needs to be shut off?
3. A Heart Checkup: Surprises can be pleasant, like an
unexpected birthday party or a successful close on a big business deal. But
they can also be unpleasant, like the pop quiz given at school or a sudden
car accident. Will Christmas take me by surprise this year? The good news is
that I know that he is coming: less than a month away. Christ tells us,
“Beware that your hearts do not become drowsy and thus allow that day to
catch you by surprise.” Advent is a time to wake up to Christ in our life. We
need to prepare our hearts for his coming on Christmas morning so that he can
be received by us with warmth and joy. Christ is the reason for the season!
Conversation with Christ: Lord, help me during
this Advent Season, which begins today, to see that the priority in my life
is preparing myself and those around me for a truly “spiritual” Christmas. I
know it is a busy time of year. Help me remain focused on what is essential
-- you being born into our hearts.
Resolution: I will begin some form of daily Advent
reminder for myself and those I live with so we can prepare our hearts for
Christmas: Advent wreath, Advent calendar, Jesse Tree etc.
|
www.regnumchristi.com
FIRST SUNDAY OF ADVENT
LUKE 21:25-28,34-36
(Jeremiah 33:14-16; Psalm 25; 1 Thessalonians 3:12 ̶ 4:2)
KEY VERSE: "But when these signs begin to happen, stand erect and raise your heads because your redemption is at hand" (v 28).
READING: Jesus often used the phrase "Son of Man" (Aramaic, bar nasha) to refer to himself, calling to mind Christ's human nature. He belongs to our race; he is one of us. Although he came as a human being, Jesus is also the divine Son of God who will come again in glory. Luke usedapocalyptic language from the Hebrew scriptures to describe the signs that would accompany Christ's return at the end of time. The universe would beshaken in anticipation of God's redemptive power (Is 13:9-10; Joel 3:4). In the apocalyptic book of Daniel, one "like a Son of Man" ascended to the clouds of heaven to the throne of the "Ancient of Days" (Dn 7:13). This imagery depicted the exaltation of the oppressed Jewish people, and later described the fullness of God's saving power present in the Messiah. Jesus' disciples should not fear these events; they must stand erect, like those preparing for the Exodus, confident that their redemption was near. Advent is an opportunity to prepare ourselves for Christ's daily arrival in our lives.
REFLECTING: As you light the First Candle of the Advent Wreath pray for someone in your family who needs Christ's light in their life.
PRAYING: Lord Jesus, help me to be alert to the signs of your presence.
APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE
THE WORD APOCALYPTIC MEANS "UNVEILING" OR "REVELATION." APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE FLOURISHED AMONG PERSECUTED JEWS AND CHRISTIANS FROM THE SECOND CENTURY BEFORE THE COMING OF CHRIST TO THE SECOND CENTURY OF THE CHRISTIAN ERA. APOCALYPTIC WRITING IS CRISIS LITERATURE, THE PRODUCT OF OPPRESSED PEOPLES. BASIC TO ITS BELIEF IS THAT THE EVIL OF A PARTICULAR HISTORICAL SITUATION IS SO OVERWHELMING THAT ONLY GOD CAN RESCUE THE VICTIMS AND SET THINGS RIGHT. THE APOCALYPTIC AUTHOR OFFERS HOPE AND ENCOURAGEMENT INSEEMINGLY HOPELESS CIRCUMSTANCES. THE BOOK OF DANIEL IS THE ONLY APOCALYPTIC BOOK IN THE OLD TESTAMENT, AND THE BOOK OF REVELATION IS THE ONLY APOCALYPTIC BOOK IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, ALTHOUGH THERE ARE SECTIONS IN BOTH TESTAMENTS WITH APOCALYPTIC ELEMENTS.
THE WORD APOCALYPTIC MEANS "UNVEILING" OR "REVELATION." APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE FLOURISHED AMONG PERSECUTED JEWS AND CHRISTIANS FROM THE SECOND CENTURY BEFORE THE COMING OF CHRIST TO THE SECOND CENTURY OF THE CHRISTIAN ERA. APOCALYPTIC WRITING IS CRISIS LITERATURE, THE PRODUCT OF OPPRESSED PEOPLES. BASIC TO ITS BELIEF IS THAT THE EVIL OF A PARTICULAR HISTORICAL SITUATION IS SO OVERWHELMING THAT ONLY GOD CAN RESCUE THE VICTIMS AND SET THINGS RIGHT. THE APOCALYPTIC AUTHOR OFFERS HOPE AND ENCOURAGEMENT INSEEMINGLY HOPELESS CIRCUMSTANCES. THE BOOK OF DANIEL IS THE ONLY APOCALYPTIC BOOK IN THE OLD TESTAMENT, AND THE BOOK OF REVELATION IS THE ONLY APOCALYPTIC BOOK IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, ALTHOUGH THERE ARE SECTIONS IN BOTH TESTAMENTS WITH APOCALYPTIC ELEMENTS.
www.daily-word-of-life.com
To
you, O Lord, I lift my soul
Jesus’ message to his followers is for all times. If Jesus is with us, nothing can harm us permanently. Like Israel, as Jeremiah says, we will dwell in confidence. In God’s good time, Jesus will come to us, healing any harm we may have suffered. With Jesus on our side, what does it matter who or what is against us?
But we need to be patient, persevering in prayer, content to wait for our Advent. Dear Lord, give me courage, give me trust, take away my crippling fears, lift me up when I feel like dropping.
www.churchresources.info
December 2
Blessed Rafal Chylinski
(1694-1741)
Born near Buk in the Poznan region of
Poland, Melchior showed early signs of religious devotion; family members
nicknamed him "the little monk." After completing his studies at the
Jesuit college in Poznan, Melchior joined the cavalry and was promoted to the
rank of officer within three years.
Against the
urgings of his military comrades, in 1715 Melchior joined the Conventual
Franciscans in Kraków, receiving the name Rafal, and was ordained two years
later. After pastoral assignments in nine cities, he came to Lagiewniki
(central Poland), where he spent the last 13 years of his life, except for 20
months ministering to flood and epidemic victims in Warsaw. In all these
places, Rafal was known for his simple and candid sermons, for his generosity
as well as his ministry in the confessional. People of all levels of society
were drawn to the self-sacrificing way he lived out his religious profession
and priestly ministry.
Rafal played the
harp, lute and mandolin to accompany liturgical hymns. In Lagiewniki he
distributed food, supplies and clothing to the poor. After his death, the
Conventual church in that city became a place of pilgrimage for people
throughout Poland. He was beatified in Warsaw in 1991.
Comment:
The sermons preached by Rafal were powerfully reinforced by the living sermon of his life. The Sacrament of Reconciliation can help us bring our daily choices into harmony with our words about Jesus’ influence in our life.
The sermons preached by Rafal were powerfully reinforced by the living sermon of his life. The Sacrament of Reconciliation can help us bring our daily choices into harmony with our words about Jesus’ influence in our life.
Quote:
During the beatification homily, Pope John Paul II said, "May Blessed Rafal remind us that every one of us, even though we are sinners, has been called to love and to holiness" (L'Osservatore Romano, 1991, vol. 25, number 19).
www.americancatholic.orgDuring the beatification homily, Pope John Paul II said, "May Blessed Rafal remind us that every one of us, even though we are sinners, has been called to love and to holiness" (L'Osservatore Romano, 1991, vol. 25, number 19).
St. Bibiana
St. Bibiana, Virgin and Martyr (Feast day - December 2nd) Other than the name, nothing is known for certain about this saint. However, we have the following account from a later tradition.
In the year 363, Julian the Apostate made Apronianus Governor of Rome. St. Bibiana suffered in the persecution started by him. She was the daughter of Christians, Flavian, a Roman knight, and Dafrosa, his wife. Flavian was tortured and sent into exile, where he died of his wounds. Dafrosa was beheaded, and their two daughters, Bibiana and Demetria, were stripped of their possessions and left to suffer poverty. However, they remained in their house, spending their time in fasting and prayer.
Apronianus, seeing that hunger and want had no effect upon them, summoned them. Demetria, after confessing her Faith, fell dead at the feet of the tyrant. St. Bibiana was reserved for greater sufferings. She was placed in the hands of a wicked woman called Rufina, who in vain endeavored to seduce her. She used blows as well as persuasion, but the Christian virgin remained faithful.
Enraged at the constancy of this saintly virgin, Apronianus ordered her to be tied to a pillar and beaten with scourges, laden with lead plummets, until she expired. The saint endured the torments with joy, and died under the blows inflicted by the hands of the executioner.
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LECTIO: 1ST SUNDAY OF
ADVENT (C)
Lectio:
Sunday,
December 2, 2012
The Manifestation of
the Son of man:
Beginning of the new times
Beware! It can happen at any time!
Luke 21:25-28.34-36
Beginning of the new times
Beware! It can happen at any time!
Luke 21:25-28.34-36
1. Opening prayer
Lord Jesus, send your Spirit to help us to read the Scriptures with the same mind that you read them to the disciples on the way to Emmaus. In the light of the Word, written in the Bible, you helped them to discover the presence of God in the disturbing events of your sentence and death. Thus, the cross that seemed to be the end of all hope became for them the source of life and of resurrection.
Create in us silence so that we may listen to your voice in Creation and in the Scriptures, in events and in people, above all in the poor and suffering. May your word guide us so that we too, like the two disciples from Emmaus, may experience the force of your resurrection and witness to others that you are alive in our midst as source of fraternity, justice and peace. We ask this of you, Jesus, son of Mary, who revealed to us the Father and sent us your Spirit. Amen.
Lord Jesus, send your Spirit to help us to read the Scriptures with the same mind that you read them to the disciples on the way to Emmaus. In the light of the Word, written in the Bible, you helped them to discover the presence of God in the disturbing events of your sentence and death. Thus, the cross that seemed to be the end of all hope became for them the source of life and of resurrection.
Create in us silence so that we may listen to your voice in Creation and in the Scriptures, in events and in people, above all in the poor and suffering. May your word guide us so that we too, like the two disciples from Emmaus, may experience the force of your resurrection and witness to others that you are alive in our midst as source of fraternity, justice and peace. We ask this of you, Jesus, son of Mary, who revealed to us the Father and sent us your Spirit. Amen.
2. A reading of Luke
21,25-28.34-36
a) A key to the
reading:
The liturgical text of this Sunday leads us to meditate on the discourse of Jesus on the end of the world. Today, when we speak of the end of the world, the reactions are quite varied. Some are fearful. Others are indifferent. Others begin to take life more seriously. Others still, as soon as they hear some terrible news, say: “The end of the world is drawing near!” And you? What is your opinion on this matter? How is it at that at the beginning of the liturgical, the first Sunday of Advent, the Church confronts us with the end of history?
Keeping these questions in mind, let us now try to read the text in such a way that it may challenge and question us.
In the course of our reading we shall try to concentrate not on the things that are fearful, but on those that give us hope.
The liturgical text of this Sunday leads us to meditate on the discourse of Jesus on the end of the world. Today, when we speak of the end of the world, the reactions are quite varied. Some are fearful. Others are indifferent. Others begin to take life more seriously. Others still, as soon as they hear some terrible news, say: “The end of the world is drawing near!” And you? What is your opinion on this matter? How is it at that at the beginning of the liturgical, the first Sunday of Advent, the Church confronts us with the end of history?
Keeping these questions in mind, let us now try to read the text in such a way that it may challenge and question us.
In the course of our reading we shall try to concentrate not on the things that are fearful, but on those that give us hope.
b) A division of the
text to facilitate our reading:
Luke 21:25-26: There will be signs in sun and moon and stars.
Luke 21:27: The Son of man will come on a cloud.
Luke 21:28: The rebirth of hope in our hearts.
(Luke 21:29-33: The lesson of the parable of the fig tree).
Luke 21:34-36: An exhortation to watchfulness.
Luke 21:25-26: There will be signs in sun and moon and stars.
Luke 21:27: The Son of man will come on a cloud.
Luke 21:28: The rebirth of hope in our hearts.
(Luke 21:29-33: The lesson of the parable of the fig tree).
Luke 21:34-36: An exhortation to watchfulness.
c) The Text:
25 "And there will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and upon the earth distress of nations in perplexity at the roaring of the sea and the waves, 26 men fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world; for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. 27 And then they will see the Son of man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. 28 Now when these things begin to take place, look up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near."
34 "But take heed to yourselves lest your hearts be weighed down with dissipation and drunkenness and cares of this life, and that day come upon you suddenly like a snare; 35 for it will come upon all who dwell upon the face of the whole earth. 36 But watch at all times, praying that you may have strength to escape all these things that will take place, and to stand before the Son of man."
25 "And there will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and upon the earth distress of nations in perplexity at the roaring of the sea and the waves, 26 men fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world; for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. 27 And then they will see the Son of man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. 28 Now when these things begin to take place, look up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near."
34 "But take heed to yourselves lest your hearts be weighed down with dissipation and drunkenness and cares of this life, and that day come upon you suddenly like a snare; 35 for it will come upon all who dwell upon the face of the whole earth. 36 But watch at all times, praying that you may have strength to escape all these things that will take place, and to stand before the Son of man."
3. A moment of
prayerful
silence
silence
so that the Word of God may penetrate and
enlighten our life.
4. Some questions
to help us in our personal reflection.
a) What did you feel during the reading? Did you feel fear or peace? Why?
b) Did you come across anything in the text that gave you hope and courage?
c) What is it today that urges people to have hope and to keep going?
d) Why is it that at the beginning of Advent, the Church confronts us with theend of the world?
e) What can we answer to those who say that the end of the world is drawing near?
f) How do we understand the image of the coming of the Son of man on a cloud?
a) What did you feel during the reading? Did you feel fear or peace? Why?
b) Did you come across anything in the text that gave you hope and courage?
c) What is it today that urges people to have hope and to keep going?
d) Why is it that at the beginning of Advent, the Church confronts us with theend of the world?
e) What can we answer to those who say that the end of the world is drawing near?
f) How do we understand the image of the coming of the Son of man on a cloud?
5. A key to the
reading
for those who wish to delve deeper into the
theme.
I. The context of
Jesus’ discourse
The text of this Sunday’s Gospel (Lk
21:25-28.34-36) is part of the so-called “eschatological discourse”(Lk
21:8-36). In Luke’s Gospel, this discourse is presented as Jesus’ reply to a
question put to him by the disciples. Looking at the beauty and greatness of
the temple of Jerusalem, Jesus had said: “Not one stone will be left standing!”
(Lk 21:5-6). The disciples were looking for more information from Jesus
regarding the destruction of the temple, and they asked: “Master, when will
this happen and what will be the signs to show that it is about to happen?” (Lk
21:7).
The aim of the
discourse: to help discern events
In Jesus’ time (year 33), many people, when faced with disasters, wars and persecutions, said: “The end of the world is drawing near!” The communities of Luke’s time (year 85) thought the same. Besides, during the destruction of Jerusalem (year 70) and the persecution of Christians, which had now been going on for 40 years, there were those who said: “God is no longer in control of the events of life! We are lost!” Hence the main point of the discourse is that of helping the disciples to discern the signs of the times so as not to be deceived by such sayings concerning the end of the world: “Beware not to allow yourselves to be deceived!” (Lk 21:8). The discourse presents several signs that help us in our discernment.
In Jesus’ time (year 33), many people, when faced with disasters, wars and persecutions, said: “The end of the world is drawing near!” The communities of Luke’s time (year 85) thought the same. Besides, during the destruction of Jerusalem (year 70) and the persecution of Christians, which had now been going on for 40 years, there were those who said: “God is no longer in control of the events of life! We are lost!” Hence the main point of the discourse is that of helping the disciples to discern the signs of the times so as not to be deceived by such sayings concerning the end of the world: “Beware not to allow yourselves to be deceived!” (Lk 21:8). The discourse presents several signs that help us in our discernment.
Six signs to help us
discern the events of life
After a short introduction (Lk 21:5) the discourse proper begins. Jesus enumerates, in an apocalyptic style, the events that can be seen as signs. It is important to remember that Jesus was living and speaking in the year 33, but that the readers of Luke were living and listening to the words of Jesus about the year 85. Many things had happened between the years 33 and 85, for instance: the destruction of Jerusalem (year 70), persecutions and wars everywhere, some natural disasters. Jesus’ discourse announces these events as taking place in the future. But the community sees these things as in the past, as already having taken place:
First sign: the false messiahs who will say: “It is I! The time is at hand!” (Lk 21:8);
Second sign: war and rumours of war (Lk 21:9);
Third sign: nation will rise against nation (Lk 21:10)
Fourth sign: earthquakes, hunger and pestilence everywhere (Lk 21:11);
Fifth sign: persecution of those who proclaim the word of God (Lk 21:12-19);
Sixth sign: the siege and destruction of Jerusalem (Lk 21: 20-24).
When they heard Jesus’ proclamation, the Christian communities of the year 85 might have come to the conclusion: “All these things have come to pass or are in the process of happening! All this is happening according to a plan foreseen by Jesus! Thus history is not slipping from God’s hands”! Especially regarding the 5th and 6th signs they could say: “This is what we are experiencing today! We have already reached the 6th sign!” Then comes the question: How many sings are there left before the end comes?
In Mark’s Gospel, Jesus says about all the seemingly very negative things: “These are just the beginning of birth pangs!” (Mk 13:8) Although birth pangs are very painful for a mother, they are not signs of death but of life! They are no reason for fear, but for joy and hope! This way of reading the events brings calm to all. As we shall see, Luke expresses this same idea but in different words (Lk 21:28).
After this first part of the discourse (Lk 21:8-24) comes the Gospel text of the Mass of the first Sunday of Advent.
After a short introduction (Lk 21:5) the discourse proper begins. Jesus enumerates, in an apocalyptic style, the events that can be seen as signs. It is important to remember that Jesus was living and speaking in the year 33, but that the readers of Luke were living and listening to the words of Jesus about the year 85. Many things had happened between the years 33 and 85, for instance: the destruction of Jerusalem (year 70), persecutions and wars everywhere, some natural disasters. Jesus’ discourse announces these events as taking place in the future. But the community sees these things as in the past, as already having taken place:
First sign: the false messiahs who will say: “It is I! The time is at hand!” (Lk 21:8);
Second sign: war and rumours of war (Lk 21:9);
Third sign: nation will rise against nation (Lk 21:10)
Fourth sign: earthquakes, hunger and pestilence everywhere (Lk 21:11);
Fifth sign: persecution of those who proclaim the word of God (Lk 21:12-19);
Sixth sign: the siege and destruction of Jerusalem (Lk 21: 20-24).
When they heard Jesus’ proclamation, the Christian communities of the year 85 might have come to the conclusion: “All these things have come to pass or are in the process of happening! All this is happening according to a plan foreseen by Jesus! Thus history is not slipping from God’s hands”! Especially regarding the 5th and 6th signs they could say: “This is what we are experiencing today! We have already reached the 6th sign!” Then comes the question: How many sings are there left before the end comes?
In Mark’s Gospel, Jesus says about all the seemingly very negative things: “These are just the beginning of birth pangs!” (Mk 13:8) Although birth pangs are very painful for a mother, they are not signs of death but of life! They are no reason for fear, but for joy and hope! This way of reading the events brings calm to all. As we shall see, Luke expresses this same idea but in different words (Lk 21:28).
After this first part of the discourse (Lk 21:8-24) comes the Gospel text of the Mass of the first Sunday of Advent.
II. A commentary on
the text
Luke 21:25-26: Signs
in sun and moon and stars
These two verses describe three cosmic phenomena: (1) “There will be signs in sun and moon and stars”; (2) “The roaring of the sea and waves”; (3) “The powers of the heavens will be shaken”. In the eighties, when Luke was writing, these three phenomena had not taken place. The communities could say: “This is the seventh and last sign still to come before the end!” At first sight, this seventh sign seems more terrible than the preceding ones, especially that Luke says that men will be fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world. In truth, in spite of their negative appearance, these cosmic images suggest something very positive, namely, the beginning of a new creation that will take the place of the old creation (cf Ap 21:1). It is the beginning of the new heaven and the new earth, proclaimed by Isaiah (Is 65:17). They usher in the manifestation of the Son of God, the beginning of the new times.
These two verses describe three cosmic phenomena: (1) “There will be signs in sun and moon and stars”; (2) “The roaring of the sea and waves”; (3) “The powers of the heavens will be shaken”. In the eighties, when Luke was writing, these three phenomena had not taken place. The communities could say: “This is the seventh and last sign still to come before the end!” At first sight, this seventh sign seems more terrible than the preceding ones, especially that Luke says that men will be fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world. In truth, in spite of their negative appearance, these cosmic images suggest something very positive, namely, the beginning of a new creation that will take the place of the old creation (cf Ap 21:1). It is the beginning of the new heaven and the new earth, proclaimed by Isaiah (Is 65:17). They usher in the manifestation of the Son of God, the beginning of the new times.
Luke 21:27: The coming
of the Kingdom of God and the manifestation of the Son of Man
This image comes from Daniel’s prophecy (Dn 7:1-14). Daniel says that after the disasters caused by the four kingdoms of this earth (Dn 7:1-8), the Kingdom of God will come (Dn 7:9-14). The four kingdoms, all have animal features: lion, bear, panther and wild beast (Dn 7:3-7). These are animal–like kingdoms. They take the life out of life (even to this day!). The Kingdom of God is represented by the figure of the Son of Man, that is, it has human features (Dn 7:13). It is a human kingdom. The task of the Christian communities is to build this kingdom that humanises. This is the new history, the new creation, in whose realisation we must collaborate.
This image comes from Daniel’s prophecy (Dn 7:1-14). Daniel says that after the disasters caused by the four kingdoms of this earth (Dn 7:1-8), the Kingdom of God will come (Dn 7:9-14). The four kingdoms, all have animal features: lion, bear, panther and wild beast (Dn 7:3-7). These are animal–like kingdoms. They take the life out of life (even to this day!). The Kingdom of God is represented by the figure of the Son of Man, that is, it has human features (Dn 7:13). It is a human kingdom. The task of the Christian communities is to build this kingdom that humanises. This is the new history, the new creation, in whose realisation we must collaborate.
Luke 21:28: A hope that
grows in the heart
In Mark’s Gospel, Jesus says: “This is just the beginning of the birth pangs!” (Mk 13:8) Here, in Luke’s Gospel, Jesus says: “when these things begin to take place, look up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near!” This affirmation shows that the aim of the discourse is not to cause fear but to raise hope and joy in a people suffering from persecution. Jesus’ words helped (and still help) the communities to read events from the point of view of hope. It is those who oppress and exploit the people who must fear. They, indeed, must know that their empire is finished.
In Mark’s Gospel, Jesus says: “This is just the beginning of the birth pangs!” (Mk 13:8) Here, in Luke’s Gospel, Jesus says: “when these things begin to take place, look up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near!” This affirmation shows that the aim of the discourse is not to cause fear but to raise hope and joy in a people suffering from persecution. Jesus’ words helped (and still help) the communities to read events from the point of view of hope. It is those who oppress and exploit the people who must fear. They, indeed, must know that their empire is finished.
Luke 21:29-33: The
lesson of the parable of the fig tree
When Jesus invites us to look at the fig tree, he is asking us to analyse the events taking place. It is as though he was saying: “Learn to read the signs of the times from the fig tree and so you may discover when and where God comes into your history!” Then he ends the lesson of the parable with these words: “Heaven and earth will pass away; but my words will not pass away!” By this very well known phrase, Jesus renews hope and once more alludes to the new creation, which was already in being.
When Jesus invites us to look at the fig tree, he is asking us to analyse the events taking place. It is as though he was saying: “Learn to read the signs of the times from the fig tree and so you may discover when and where God comes into your history!” Then he ends the lesson of the parable with these words: “Heaven and earth will pass away; but my words will not pass away!” By this very well known phrase, Jesus renews hope and once more alludes to the new creation, which was already in being.
Luca 21, 34-36: An
exhortation to watchfulness
God is always coming! His coming takes place when least expected. It may happen that He comes and that people are not aware of the hour of his coming (cf Mt 24:37-39). Jesus advises people to be constantly watching: (1) avoid all things that may disturb or burden the heart (dissipations, drunkenness and worries of life); (2) pray always, asking for strength to go on and wait standing for the coming of the Son of man. In other words, the discourse asks for a double attitude: on the one hand, the watchfulness of one who is always aware, and on the other, the serene calmness of one who is at peace. These attitudes are signs of great maturity, because they bring together an awareness of the seriousness of the task and an awareness of the relativity of all things.
God is always coming! His coming takes place when least expected. It may happen that He comes and that people are not aware of the hour of his coming (cf Mt 24:37-39). Jesus advises people to be constantly watching: (1) avoid all things that may disturb or burden the heart (dissipations, drunkenness and worries of life); (2) pray always, asking for strength to go on and wait standing for the coming of the Son of man. In other words, the discourse asks for a double attitude: on the one hand, the watchfulness of one who is always aware, and on the other, the serene calmness of one who is at peace. These attitudes are signs of great maturity, because they bring together an awareness of the seriousness of the task and an awareness of the relativity of all things.
III. Further
information for a better understanding of the text
a) When the end of
the world will come
When we say “The end of the world”, what world are we talking about? Is it the end of the world of which the Bible speaks or the end of this world, where reigns the power of evil that drives away and oppresses life? This world of injustice will come to an end. No one knows what the new world will look like, because no one can imagine what God has prepared for those who love him (1 Cor 2:9). The new world of life without death (Apoc 21:4) surpasses all things just as the tree surpasses its seed (1 Cor 15:35-38). The early Christians were anxious and wanted to know the when of this end (2 Ts 2:2; Acts 1:11). But “it is not for you to know the times and the hour that the Father has set with his authority” (Acts 1:7). The only way to contribute to the end “and that God brings about the time of rest” (Acts 3:20), is to witness to the Gospel in every moment and action even to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8).
When we say “The end of the world”, what world are we talking about? Is it the end of the world of which the Bible speaks or the end of this world, where reigns the power of evil that drives away and oppresses life? This world of injustice will come to an end. No one knows what the new world will look like, because no one can imagine what God has prepared for those who love him (1 Cor 2:9). The new world of life without death (Apoc 21:4) surpasses all things just as the tree surpasses its seed (1 Cor 15:35-38). The early Christians were anxious and wanted to know the when of this end (2 Ts 2:2; Acts 1:11). But “it is not for you to know the times and the hour that the Father has set with his authority” (Acts 1:7). The only way to contribute to the end “and that God brings about the time of rest” (Acts 3:20), is to witness to the Gospel in every moment and action even to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8).
b) Our time! God’s
time!
“For no one knows the day or the hour: not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father” (Mk 13:32; Mt 24:36). God sets the time for the end. God’s time cannot be measured by the clock or calendar. For God, one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like a day (Sl 90:4; Pt 3:8). God’s time runs independently of us. We cannot interfere with that, but we must be prepared for the moment when the hour of God comes into our time. Our security does not lie in knowing the hour of the end of the world, but in the Word of Jesus present in our lives. The world will pass away, but his word will not pass away (cf Is 40:7-8).
“For no one knows the day or the hour: not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father” (Mk 13:32; Mt 24:36). God sets the time for the end. God’s time cannot be measured by the clock or calendar. For God, one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like a day (Sl 90:4; Pt 3:8). God’s time runs independently of us. We cannot interfere with that, but we must be prepared for the moment when the hour of God comes into our time. Our security does not lie in knowing the hour of the end of the world, but in the Word of Jesus present in our lives. The world will pass away, but his word will not pass away (cf Is 40:7-8).
c) The context of
our text in Luke’s Gospel
For us 21st century people, apocalyptic language seems strange, difficult and confused. But for the people of those times it was the common way of speaking and all understood. It expressed the strong certitude of the faith of the little ones. In spite of all and against all appearances, they continued to believe that God is the Lord of history. The main purpose of apocalyptic language is to foster the faith and hope of the poor. In Luke’s time, many of the people of the communities thought that the end of the world was close at hand and that Jesus would have come back. That is why there were those who stopped working: “Why work, if Jesus was returning?” (cf 2 Ts 3:11). Others stared at heaven, waiting for the return of Jesus on the clouds (cf Acts 1:11). Jesus’ discourse shows that no one knows the hour of the final coming. Today we have the same thing! Some await the coming of Jesus so much that they do not see his presence among us, in our daily concerns and events.
For us 21st century people, apocalyptic language seems strange, difficult and confused. But for the people of those times it was the common way of speaking and all understood. It expressed the strong certitude of the faith of the little ones. In spite of all and against all appearances, they continued to believe that God is the Lord of history. The main purpose of apocalyptic language is to foster the faith and hope of the poor. In Luke’s time, many of the people of the communities thought that the end of the world was close at hand and that Jesus would have come back. That is why there were those who stopped working: “Why work, if Jesus was returning?” (cf 2 Ts 3:11). Others stared at heaven, waiting for the return of Jesus on the clouds (cf Acts 1:11). Jesus’ discourse shows that no one knows the hour of the final coming. Today we have the same thing! Some await the coming of Jesus so much that they do not see his presence among us, in our daily concerns and events.
6. Psalm 46 (45)
God is our strength
God is our refuge and strength,
a very present help in trouble.
Therefore we will not fear though the earth should change,
though the mountains shake in the heart of the sea;
though its waters roar and foam,
though the mountains tremble with its tumult.
a very present help in trouble.
Therefore we will not fear though the earth should change,
though the mountains shake in the heart of the sea;
though its waters roar and foam,
though the mountains tremble with its tumult.
There is a river whose streams make glad the
city of God,
the holy habitation of the Most High.
God is in the midst of her,
she shall not be moved;
God will help her right early.
The nations rage, the kingdoms totter;
he utters his voice, the earth melts.
the holy habitation of the Most High.
God is in the midst of her,
she shall not be moved;
God will help her right early.
The nations rage, the kingdoms totter;
he utters his voice, the earth melts.
The Lord of hosts is with us;
the God of Jacob is our refuge.
Come, behold the works of the Lord,
how he has wrought desolations in the earth.
the God of Jacob is our refuge.
Come, behold the works of the Lord,
how he has wrought desolations in the earth.
He makes wars cease to the end of the earth;
he breaks the bow, and shatters the spear,
he burns the chariots with fire!
"Be still, and know that I am God.
I am exalted among the nations,
I am exalted in the earth!"
he breaks the bow, and shatters the spear,
he burns the chariots with fire!
"Be still, and know that I am God.
I am exalted among the nations,
I am exalted in the earth!"
The Lord of hosts is with us;
the God of Jacob is our refuge.
the God of Jacob is our refuge.
7. Final Prayer
Lord Jesus, we thank for the word that has
enabled us to understand better the will of the Father. May your Spirit
enlighten our actions and grant us the strength to practice that which your
Word has revealed to us. May we, like Mary, your mother, not only listen to but
also practise the Word. You who live and reign with the Father in the unity of
the Holy Spirit forever and ever. Amen.
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