Pope on Iran-USA crisis: dialogue
and respect for international law
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| Pope Francis addresses the Diplomatic Corps accredited to the Holy See (Vatican Media) |
In his annual address to members of the diplomatic corps at
the beginning of the new year, Pope Francis says the heightening of tensions
between Iran and the United States “risks… compromising the gradual process of
rebuilding in Iraq, as well as setting the groundwork for a vaster conflict”.
By Christopher Wells
Latest... (updated at 11:32)
Pope Francis focused on the virtue of ‘hope’ in his
annual greetings
to members of the diplomatic corps accredited to the Holy See.
Hope, he said, “is an essential virtue for Christians, to inspire our way of
approaching the times that lie ahead”.
Noting that “peace and integral human development are… the
principal aim of the Holy See in its involvement in the field of diplomacy”,
the Pope’s speech focused heavily on calls for dialogue and for concerted
international action on various issues facing the world today.
Apostolic Visits an opportunity for dialogue
The Pontiff recalled his numerous Apostolic Visits over the
course of the past year, beginning with the journey to Panama for World Youth
Day. “It is always a joy and a great opportunity to meet young people”, he
said. “They are the future and hope of our societies”. He acknowledged the
“grave crimes” committed against young people by adults, including members of
the clergy, and noted that, with the Meeting for the Protection of Minors in
the Church, “the Holy See has renewed its commitment to bring to light abuses
already committed and to ensure the protection of minors”.
He highlighted the need for adults to assume their “proper
educational responsibilities”, and noted the upcoming event on “Reinventing the
Global Compact on Religion”. The Pope likewise said that the “epochal change”
we are now experiencing calls for the creation of an “educational village” for
forming human relationships, while noting the primary right of families to
educate, and of churches and communities to assist them in the task.
Combatting climate change
In the context of being open to dialogue with young people,
and listening to their concerns, the Pope raised the issue of climate change,
with calls for ecological conversion on the part of all. He lamented the lack
of commitment of the international community in addressing the challenges
facing our common home. Ecology was an important theme of the Synod on the
Amazon, the Pope said, which was primarily an ecclesial event.
Pope Francis also highlighted the “proliferation of
political crises” in countries in the Americas, mentioning Venezuela in
particular. Although rooted in diverse causes, these crises, he said, are
linked by inequality, injustice, corruption and poverty. It is necessary, he
said, to establish a “culture of dialogue” to respond to those issues.
Mutual understanding and peaceful coexistance
On his second journey in 2019, Pope Francis travelled to the
United Arab Emirates, where he signed the Document on Human Fraternity with the
Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, focused on fostering mutual understanding and peaceful
coexistence. He emphasized the need to train future generations in
interreligious dialogue.
During his visit to Morocco, the Holy Father signed a joint
appeal, with King Muhammed VI, on Jerusalem – a holy city for the world’s three
great monotheistic religions, which, the Pope said, should be a symbolic place
of peaceful coexistence.
International commitment to peace
The Pope called on the international community to be engaged
in the peace process, not only in the Holy Land, but throughout the
Mediterranean region and the Middle East. He pointed in particular to the war
in Syria, and ongoing conflicts in Yemen and Libya. And in view of the
heightened tensions between Iran and the United States, he renewed his appeal
“that all the interested parties avoid an escalation of the conflict and ‘keep
alive the flame of dialogue and self-restraint’, in full respect of
international law”.
Updated
He also encouraged the international community to address
the plight of migrants seeking asylum, whose legitimate needs must be
identified, while noting once again, how the Mediterranean Sea has become “a
vast cemetery”. The Pope called on world leaders to find lasting solutions to
the crisis of forced migration, at the same time praising those countries that
have generously sought out ways “to share the burden of resettling refugees”.
The importance of dialogue and the culture of encounter
Pope Francis also recalled his visits to the Eastern
European nations of Bulgaria, North Macedonia, and Romania, where he
experienced “the importance of dialogue and the culture of encounter”. He
highlighted “the importance of dialogue and respect for international law in
resolving the ‘frozen conflicts’ that persist” in Europe, taking note of
situations in the western Balkans and the southern Caucasus, including Georgia;
and encouraging ongoing talks for the reunification of Cyprus. He also
expressed his appreciation for efforts to resolve the ongoing conflict in
eastern Ukraine. “Dialogue, not arms, is the essential way to resolve
disputes”, he insisted.
The Pope said the Holy See “has followed the European
project with great interest” from its earliest beginnings, and noted the 50th anniversary
of its presence as an observer at the Council of Europe. The Holy See, he said,
“emphasizes and inclusive process of growth inspired by a spirit of
participation and solidarity”. Calling to mind the fire at Notre Dame, which
showed that “even what seems so solid can be fragile and easily destroyed”, he
cautioned Europe against losing “that sense of solidarity that for centuries
has set it apart”. Pope Francis said the 30th anniversary of
the fall of the Berlin Wall reminds us “how easy it is to erect barriers”. But,
he continued, “rather than walls of hatred, we prefer bridges of reconciliation
and solidarity”.
Signs of peace and reconciliation in Africa
The Pontiff was also able to visit Africa in the course of
the past year, where he was “able to see signs of peace and reconciliation”,
including an agreement on the cessation of hostilities in Mozambique; security
replacing instability in Madagascar; and peaceful coexistence between members
of different religions in Mauritius.
However, looking at other parts of the continent, the Pope
said, “it is painful to witness, particularly in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and
Nigeria, continuing episodes of violence against innocent people, including
many Christians persecuted and killed for their fidelity to the Gospel”. Here,
too, he appealed to the international community to work together, calling on it
to work not only to eliminate “the scourge of terrorism”, but also “to
implement practical strategies” for reducing poverty, improving healthcare,
favouring development and humanitarian aid, as well as good governance and
civil rights.
Pope Francis spoke of the necessity, as well, of encouraging
“initiatives to foster fraternity among all local cultural, ethnic, and
religious groups, particularly in the Horn of Africa, in Cameroon, and in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo”, in the face of continuing violence.
Hopes for a visit to South Sudan
He noted, too, the need to address the issue of internal
displacement, expressing support for the work of the United Nations High-Level
Panel on Internal Displacement. In this regard, Pope Francis said his thoughts
turn also to Sudan and the Central African Republic, with the hope that both
countries can embrace peace. “My thoughts also turn to South Sudan”, the Pope
said, “which I hope to be able to visit in the course of this year”.
The Pope’s final journey in 2019 took him to east Asia,
where he visited Thailand with its harmony of various ethnic groups with
different philosophies, cultures, religion.
No to nuclear weapons
In Japan, the Holy Father “experienced the pain and horror
that we human beings are capable of inflicting on one another” especially in
hearing the voices of survivors of the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. “True peace”, Pope Francis said, “cannot be built on the threat of a
possible total annihilation of humanity by nuclear weapons”. He repeated “a
world ‘without nuclear weapons is possible and necessary’”, and encouraged the
work of the Tenth Review Conference of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons, taking place later this year.
As he concluded his review of his journeys throughout the
year, the Pope said he is thinking of a nation he had not had the opportunity
to visit: Australia, which has been hard hit by serious wildfires throughout
the country. “I would like to assure the Australian people, especially the
victims and all those in the areas devastated by the fires, of my closeness and
my prayers,” he said.
Founding principles of UN remain valid
Finally, Pope Francis noted that 2020 marks the 75th anniversary
of the founding of the United Nations. The Pope insisted that the foundational
principles of the organization – the desire for peace, the pursuit of justice,
respect for the dignity of the human person, and humanitarian cooperation and
assistance – remain valid today, and should form the basis for international
relations. Referencing the Encyclical Pacem in terris, by St John
XXIII, Pope Francis said, “We wish to reaffirm the resolve of the entire human
family to work for the common good as a criterion for moral action, and a goal
inspiring each country to cooperate in guaranteeing the existence and peaceful
security of all others”. And he affirmed, too, that human rights are
“intrinsically grounded in human nature itself”. In this context, he said,
“there is a clear need to move once again towards an overall reform of the
multilateral system, beginning with the UN system”.
Concluding his remarks, the Pope recalled that this year is
the 500th anniversary of the death of the great artist Raphael.
Greeting the “people of Italy”, he expressed his “prayerful hope” that they
might “recover the spirit of openness that exemplified the Renaissance”.
A special word to women
And noting the 70th anniversary of the
proclamation of the dogma of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into
heaven, the Pope said he wanted to address “a special word to all women, 25
years after” the Beijing conference on women in 1995. “It is my hope, he said,
that the invaluable role of women in society may be increasingly acknowledged
worldwide, and that all forms of injustice, discrimination, and violence
against women come to an end”.
Finally, the Holy Father said that the Assumption of Mary
“also invites us to look ahead to the completion of our earthly journey, to
that day when justice and peace will be re-established”. And reaffirming his
own commitment, and that of the Holy See, to that goal, he renewed his “cordial
best wishes for a new year rich in hope and in every blessing”.
Updated at 11:32.
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