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Thứ Hai, 8 tháng 6, 2026

JUNE 9, 2026: TUESDAY OF THE TENTH WEEK IN ORDINARY TIME

 June 9, 2026

Tuesday of the Tenth Week in Ordinary Time

Lectionary: 360

 


Reading I

1 Kings 17:7-16

The brook near where Elijah was hiding ran dry,
because no rain had fallen in the land.
So the LORD said to Elijah:
“Move on to Zarephath of Sidon and stay there.
I have designated a widow there to provide for you.”
He left and went to Zarephath.
As he arrived at the entrance of the city,
a widow was gathering sticks there; he called out to her,
“Please bring me a small cupful of water to drink.”
She left to get it, and he called out after her,
“Please bring along a bit of bread.”
She answered, “As the LORD, your God, lives,
I have nothing baked;
there is only a handful of flour in my jar
and a little oil in my jug.
Just now I was collecting a couple of sticks,
to go in and prepare something for myself and my son;
when we have eaten it, we shall die.”
Elijah said to her, “Do not be afraid.
Go and do as you propose.
But first make me a little cake and bring it to me.
Then you can prepare something for yourself and your son.
For the LORD, the God of Israel, says,
‘The jar of flour shall not go empty,
nor the jug of oil run dry,
until the day when the LORD sends rain upon the earth.’”
She left and did as Elijah had said.
She was able to eat for a year, and Elijah and her son as well;
the jar of flour did not go empty,
nor the jug of oil run dry,
as the LORD had foretold through Elijah.

 

Responsorial Psalm

Psalm 4:2-3, 4-5, 7b-8

R. (7a) Lord, let your face shine on us.
When I call, answer me, O my just God,
you who relieve me when I am in distress;
Have pity on me, and hear my prayer!
Men of rank, how long will you be dull of heart?
Why do you love what is vain and seek after falsehood?
R. Lord, let your face shine on us.
Know that the LORD does wonders for his faithful one;
the LORD will hear me when I call upon him.
Tremble, and sin not;
reflect, upon your beds, in silence.
R. Lord, let your face shine on us.
O LORD, let the light of your countenance shine upon us!
You put gladness into my heart,
more than when grain and wine abound.
R. Lord, let your face shine on us.

 

Alleluia

Matthew 5:16

R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Let your light shine before others
That they may see your good deeds and glorify your heavenly Father.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

 

Gospel

Matthew 5:13-16

Jesus said to his disciples:
“You are the salt of the earth.
But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned?
It is no longer good for anything
but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot.
You are the light of the world.
A city set on a mountain cannot be hidden.
Nor do they light a lamp and then put it under a bushel basket;
it is set on a lampstand,
where it gives light to all in the house.
Just so, your light must shine before others,
that they may see your good deeds
and glorify your heavenly Father.”

 

https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/060926.cfm

 

 


Commentary on 1 Kings 17:7-16

Elijah and the widow

The effects of the drought now even reach Elijah as the stream which provided him with water dries up. But it is not a sign of God withdrawing his providence; rather it is a sign that a new stage in the story is about to unfold.

God tells Elijah now to go to Zarephath of Sidon, a town on the Mediterranean coast between the Phoenician cities of Tyre and Sidon (the only Gentile places we are told that Jesus visited during his public life). In effect, Elijah is being told to go to the territory ruled over by Jezebel’s father and thus to the very centre from which the worship of Baal had originated. Elijah must have found it a strange command but he put his trust in the Lord and went. This whole story is about trust in God’s providence and care.

Elijah receives a promise that he will be looked after there not now by birds but by a poor widow, herself on the point of starvation. Moreover, she is a Gentile, in Jewish eyes a pagan. Just one more example of how God’s people were sustained by people they despised and avoided. Elijah, as the bearer of God’s word, was now to be sustained by human hands, but they were the hands of a poor widow facing starvation. She was, moreover, from outside the circle of God’s own people. She was from the pagan nation that at that time (much like Egypt earlier and Babylon later) represented the forces arrayed against God’s people.

Once again, showing his deep trust in God’s care of him, Elijah goes off and, as promised, finds the widow gathering sticks. He asks for a little water to drink and she goes off to get some for him. However, as she is leaving, Elijah also asks for a little bread to eat. Here she demurs.

“As surely as the Lord your God lives,” she began. Her oath in the name of the Lord was either in deference to Elijah the Israelite or even a recognition of Elijah’s God. She told him that she had only a very small amount of flour in her house and a little oil. She was now gathering firewood to prepare a final meal for herself and her son. After that, with nothing more to eat, they were prepared to face death.

“Do not be afraid,” said Elijah – a phrase that comes up again and again in both the Old and New Testaments and often used by Jesus himself. He tells her to go and make the meal for her son but first to prepare a small cake for him. The widow is asked to give all she has to sustain the bearer of the word of God. The demand to give her all is in essence the demand of the covenant that Israel had broken.

Elijah then cites to her a promise from the Lord: she will not want for flour or oil until the day the rains return. In a marvellous act of trust she agrees. She reminds one of the widow in the Gospel who donated all she had to the Temple treasury. This Gentile woman’s trust is also in strong contrast to the Israelites who had bound themselves by covenant to unconditional and total service of their Lord but had reneged on it so often and were doing so again.

The truth of Elijah’s promise was soon confirmed for the widow. For the jar of meal and jug of oil were never again empty for one whole year. By her act of faith the woman received the promised blessing, while Israel had forsaken the covenant and followed Baal and Asherah in search of prosperity. Now in the midst of a pagan kingdom a widow realises that the trustful obedience to the word of God is the way that leads to life.

God miraculously provided for this non-Israelite who, in an act of faith in the Lord’s word, had laid her life on the line. He gave her “manna” from heaven even while he was withholding food from his unfaithful people in the promised land.

The whole story is a teaching about trusting in God’s care for us. Later, in his home town of Nazareth, Jesus will use the example of this Gentile woman as well as the cure by Elisha of Naaman the leper from Syria as examples of Gentiles having more faith than God’s own people. Jesus was not able to heal many in Nazareth because of their refusal to see in him anyone but one of their neighbours.

This story reminds us too that the secret of life is for everyone to share generously of what they have. When that happens, no one is in want. When everyone gives, everyone gets.

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Commentary on Matthew 5:13-16

We may be totally filled with the spirit of the Beatitudes, but it will not do very much good unless their effects are clearly seen in our lives. To be a Christian, it is not enough to be good; we must be seen to be so. It is not enough to ‘have a spirituality’ that fills us with a feeling of peace and tranquillity. The spirituality of the gospel is outreaching. We have not only to be disciples of Christ but also need to proclaim him.

In today’s reading from the Sermon on the Mount immediately following the Beatitudes, Jesus presents us with a number of images expressing this. Jesus first says that his followers should be “the salt of the earth”. Salt is an essential ingredient in almost all cooked food (even sweet food) to provide taste. We all know what it is like to have soup that contains no salt; we know how much part salt plays in flavouring mass-produced fast foods.

We are to be like salt; we are to give taste and zest to our environment. We do that through the specific outlook on life which we have and which we invite others to share. At their best, Christians have been very effective in doing this, and have had a great impact on the values of many societies and in bringing about great changes.

To be tasteless salt is to be next to useless. Salt that has lost its taste is fit only to be thrown out. At the same time, in the West we sometimes, too, put some salt on the side of our plate. That salt, however tasty it may be, is still not doing any good unless it is put into the food. And this is an interesting feature of salt, namely, that it blends completely with food and disappears. It cannot be seen, but it can be tasted.

That reminds us that we as Christians, if we are to have the effect of giving taste, must be totally inserted in our societies. We have to resist any temptation, as Christians, to withdraw and separate ourselves from the world. It is a temptation we can easily fall into, and there are many places where the Church is absent nowadays. There is no salt there. For example, in our commercial districts, in our industrial areas, in our entertainment and media centres, where is the visible Christian presence?

Other images used by Jesus today include being the “light of the world” or being “a city built on a hill”. There is no way it can be hidden; it sticks out like a beacon. And what is the point of lighting a candle and then covering it over with a tub? You light a candle to give light so that people can see their way and will not fall. To be baptised and to go into virtual hiding is like lighting and then covering up a candle.

Finally, Jesus gives us the reason for making ourselves so visible—so that people may see our good works. Is it in order that we can bask in their admiration and wonder? No! Rather, it is so that people will be led through us to the God who made them, who loves them and wants to lead them to himself.

It is for us today to reflect on how visible our Christian faith is to others, as individuals, as families, as members of a Christian group, as parishioners and as a diocese. Are there people or places in our area where a Christian witness is for all intents and purposes absent? Can we do anything about that?

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Tuesday, June 9, 2026

10th Week in Ordinary Time

Opening Prayer

God of wisdom and love, source of all good,send your Spirit to teach us your truth and guide our actions in your way of peace.

We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

Gospel Reading - Matthew 5: 13-16

Jesus said to his disciples: 'You are salt for the earth. But if salt loses its taste, what can make it salty again? It is good for nothing and can only be thrown out to be trampled under people's feet.

'You are light for the world. A city built on a hill-top cannot be hidden. No one lights a lamp to put it under a tub; they put it on the lampstand where it shines for everyone in the house. In the same way your light must shine in people's sight, so that, seeing your good works, they may give praise to your Father in heaven.

Reflection

Yesterday, in meditating on the Beatitudes, we passed through the door of entry of the Sermon on the Mountain (Mt 5: 1-12). Today in the Gospel we receive an important instruction on the mission of the Community. It should be the salt of the earth and the light of the world (Mt 5: 13-16). Salt does not exist for itself, but to give flavor to the food. Light does not exist for itself, but for the service of people. At the time when Matthew wrote his Gospel, this mission was very difficult for the communities of the converted Jews. In spite that they were living in faithful observance of the Law of Moses, they were expelled from the Synagogues, cut away from their Jewish past. Regarding this, among the converted pagans, some said: “After the coming of Jesus, the Law of Moses has become obsolete”. All this caused tension and uncertainty. The openness of some seemed to be criticism of the observance of others, and vice versa. This conflict brought about a crisis which led many to close in their own position. Some wanted to advance, to go ahead, others wanted to place the light under the table. Many asked themselves: “In last instance, which is our mission?” Recalling and updating the words of Jesus, Matthew tries to help them.

            Matthew 5: 13-16: Salt of the earth. By using images of daily life, with simple and direct words, Jesus makes known which is the mission and the reason for being a Christian community: to be salt. At that time when it was very hot, people and animals needed to consume much salt. The salt, which was delivered by merchants in great blocks in the public square, was consumed by the people. What remained fell to the ground and lost its savor. “It no longer serves for anything, but it is thrown out and trampled under people’s feet”. Jesus recalls this use in order to clarify for the disciples the mission which they have to carry out.

            Matthew 5: 14-16: Light of the world. The comparison is obvious. Nobody lights a candle and places it under the tub. A city built on the hilltop, cannot be hidden. The community should be light, it should enlighten. It should not be afraid to show the good that it does. It does not do it to make itself seen, but what it does can be seen. The salt does not exist for itself. The light does not exist for itself! This is how the community should be. It cannot remain enclosed in itself. “Your light must shine in people’s sight, so that, seeing your good works, they may give praise to your Father in Heaven.”

            Matthew 5: 17-19: Not one dot, not one little stroke will disappear from the Law. Among the converted Jews there were two tendencies. Some thought that it was not necessary to observe the laws of the Old Testament because we are saved by the faith in Jesus and not by the observance of the Law (Rm 3: 21-26). Others thought that they should continue to observe the laws of the Old Testament (Ac 15: 1-2). In each one of the two tendencies there were some more radical groups. Before this conflict, Matthew tries to find a balance, the equilibrium, over and beyond the two extremes. The community should be the space, where this equilibrium can be attained and lived. The response given by Jesus continued to be very actual: “I have not come to abolish the law, but to complete it!” The communities cannot be against the Law, nor can they close themselves up in the observance of the law. Like Jesus did, they must advance forward, and show in a practical way that the objective which the law wants to attain in life is the perfect practice of love.

            The different tendencies in the first Christian communities. The plan of salvation has three stages united among themselves from the earth to life: 

a)       the Old Testament: the path of the Hebrew People, orientated, guided by the Law of God. 

b)       The life of Jesus of Nazareth: it renews the Law of Moses starting from his experience of God, Father and Mother. 

c)        The life of the communities: through the spirit of Jesus, they tried to live as Jesus lived it. 

The union of these three stages generates the certainty of faith that God is in our midst. The intention to break or weaken the unity of this plan of salvation gave rise to various groups and tendencies in the communities:

            The Pharisees did not recognize Jesus as Messiah and accepted only the Old Testament. In the communities there were some people who sympathized with the thought of the Pharisees (Ac 15: 5).

            Some converted Jews accepted Jesus as Messiah, but they did not accept the liberty of spirit with which the communities lived the presence of the Risen Jesus. (Ac 15: 1).

            Others, both converted Jews and pagans, thought that with Jesus had come the end of the Old Testament. From now on, Jesus alone and the life in the Spirit.

            There were also Christians who lived so fully the life in the liberty of the Spirit, that they no longer looked at the life of Jesus of Nazareth, nor the Old Testament (1Co 12: 3).

            Now the great concern of the Gospel of Matthew is that of showing that the Old Testament, Jesus of Nazareth and the life in the Spirit cannot be separated. The three-form part of the same and only project of God and give us the central certainty of faith: The God of Abraham and of Sarah is present in the midst of the communities by the faith in Jesus of Nazareth.

Personal Questions

           For you, in your life experience, for what does salt serve? Is your community salt? For you, what does light signify in your life? How is your community light?

           How do the people of the neighborhood see your community? Does your community have some attraction for others? Is it a sign? Of what? For whom?

Concluding Prayer

Yahweh judiciously guides the humble, instructing the poor in his way. Kindness unfailing and constancy mark all his paths, for those who keep his covenant and his decrees. (Ps 25: 9-10)

www.ocarm.org

 

09.06.2026: THỨ BA TUẦN X THƯỜNG NIÊN

 09/06/2026

 Thứ Ba tuần 10 thường niên

 


Bài Ðọc I: (Năm II) 1 V 17, 7-16

“Vò bột không cạn và bình dầu không giảm như lời Chúa đã dùng lời Êlia mà phán”.

Trích sách Các Vua quyển thứ nhất.

Trong những ngày ấy, dòng suối nơi Ê-li-a ẩn náu đã cạn, vì trong xứ không mưa. Bấy giờ Thiên Chúa phán cùng Ê-li-a rằng: “Hãy chỗi dậy, đi Xa-rép-ta thuộc miền Si-đon và ở lại đó: Ta đã truyền cho một quả phụ nuôi dưỡng ngươi”. Ông liền lên đường đi Xa-rép-ta. Khi ông đến trước cửa thành, ông thấy một quả phụ đang lượm củi; ông gọi bà và nói với bà rằng: “Xin đem cho tôi một ít nước trong bình để tôi uống”. Ðương lúc bà đi lấy nước, ông gọi lại mà nói: “Xin cũng mang cho tôi một miếng bánh”. Bà thưa: “Có Chúa là Thiên Chúa hằng sống chứng giám: Tôi không có sẵn bánh, tôi chỉ còn một nắm bột trong hũ với một ít dầu trong bình. Này đây tôi lượm vài que củi về nấu cho tôi và con trai tôi ăn, rồi chết thôi”. Ê-li-a trả lời bà rằng: “Bà đừng lo, cứ đi và làm như bà đã nói. Nhưng, với chút bột ấy, trước hết hãy làm cho tôi một cái bánh nhỏ, đem ra đây cho tôi, sau đó hãy làm cho bà và con trai bà. Vì Chúa là Thiên Chúa Ít-ra-en truyền rằng: “Hũ bột sẽ không cạn và bình dầu sẽ không vơi đi, cho đến ngày Chúa cho mưa xuống trên mặt đất”. Bà đi làm theo lời ông Ê-li-a; chính ông và bà cùng cả nhà đều đủ ăn; từ ngày đó, hũ bột không cạn và bình dầu không vơi, như lời Chúa đã dùng Ê-li-a mà phán.

Ðó là lời Chúa.

 

Ðáp Ca: Tv 4, 2-3. 4-5. 7-8

Ðáp: Lạy Chúa, xin chiếu sáng thiên nhan Chúa trên mình chúng con (c. 7b).

Xướng: Khi con cầu, nguyện Chúa nghe, lạy Chúa công bình của con, Chúa đã giải thoát con trong cơn khốn khó, nguyện xót thương và nghe tiếng con cầu. Người quyền thế, các ông cứng lòng tới bao giờ nữa? Tại sao say đắm bả phù hoa và kiếm chuyện sai ngoa?

Xướng: Nên biết rằng Chúa biệt đãi thánh nhân Ngài, Chúa sẽ nghe tôi khi tôi cầu khẩn Chúa. Hãy run lên và thôi phạm tội, hãy hồi tâm nghĩ lại trên giường nằm, và hãy lặng thinh.

Xướng: Nhiều người nói: “Ai chỉ cho ta thấy điều thiện hảo?” Lạy Chúa, xin chiếu sáng thiên nhan Chúa trên mình chúng con. Chúa đã gieo vào lòng con niềm vui, vui hơn tụi kia khi chúng tràn đầy lúa rượu.

 

Alleluia: Ga 8, 12

Alleluia, alleluia! – Chúa phán: “Ta là sự sáng thế gian, ai theo Ta, sẽ được ánh sáng ban sự sống”. – Alleluia.

(Hoặc đọc: Alleluia, alleluia! Ánh sáng của anh em phải chiếu giãi trước mặt thiên hạ, để họ thấy những công việc tốt đẹp anh em làm, mà tôn vinh Cha của anh em. Alleluia.)

 

Phúc Âm: Mt 5, 13-16

“Các con là sự sáng thế gian”.

Tin Mừng Chúa Giê-su Ki-tô theo Thánh Mát-thêu

Khi ấy, Chúa Giê-su phán cùng các môn đệ rằng: “Các con là muối đất. Nếu muối đã lạt, người ta biết lấy gì mà ướp cho mặn lại? Muối đó không còn xử dụng vào việc chi nữa, chỉ còn ném ra ngoài cho người ta chà đạp lên nó. Các con là sự sáng thế gian. Một thành phố xây dựng trên núi, không thể che giấu được. Và người ta cũng không thắp đèn rồi để dưới đáy thùng, nhưng đặt nó trên giá đèn, hầu soi sáng cho mọi người trong nhà. Sự sáng của các con cũng phải chiếu giãi ra trước mặt thiên hạ, để họ xem thấy những việc lành của các con mà ngợi khen Cha các con trên trời”.

Ðó là lời Chúa.

 

 


 

Chú giải về 1 Các Vua 17,7-16

Ê-li-a và người góa phụ

Hậu quả của hạn hán giờ đây thậm chí còn ảnh hưởng đến Ê-li-a khi dòng suối cung cấp nước cho ông cạn khô. Nhưng đó không phải là dấu hiệu cho thấy Đức Chúa Trời rút lại sự quan phòng của Ngài; trái lại, đó là dấu hiệu cho thấy một giai đoạn mới trong câu chuyện sắp diễn ra.

Đức Chúa Trời bảo Ê-li-a đi đến Xa-rép-ta thuộc Si-đôn, một thị trấn trên bờ biển Địa Trung Hải nằm giữa hai thành phố Ty-rô và Si-đôn của người Phoenicia (hai nơi duy nhất của người ngoại đạo mà chúng ta được biết là Chúa Giê-su đã đến thăm trong đời sống công khai của Ngài). Thực chất, Ê-li-a được bảo đi đến vùng đất do cha của I-de-ven cai trị, và do đó đến chính trung tâm nơi mà việc thờ phượng Ba-an bắt nguồn. Ê-li-a hẳn đã thấy đó là một mệnh lệnh lạ lẫm, nhưng ông đã đặt niềm tin vào Chúa và đi. Toàn bộ câu chuyện này nói về niềm tin vào sự quan phòng và chăm sóc của Đức Chúa Trời.

Ê-li-a nhận được lời hứa rằng ông sẽ được chăm sóc ở đó, không phải bởi chim chóc mà bởi một người góa phụ nghèo, bản thân bà cũng đang trên bờ vực chết đói. Hơn nữa, bà là người ngoại đạo, trong mắt người Do Thái là người ngoại giáo. Đây chỉ là một ví dụ nữa về cách dân Chúa được nâng đỡ bởi những người mà họ khinh miệt và xa lánh. Ê-li-a, người mang lời Chúa, giờ đây lại được nâng đỡ bởi bàn tay con người, nhưng đó lại là bàn tay của một góa phụ nghèo đang đối mặt với nạn đói. Hơn nữa, bà đến từ bên ngoài vòng tròn dân Chúa. Bà đến từ quốc gia ngoại đạo mà vào thời điểm đó (cũng giống như Ai Cập trước đó và Ba-by-lôn sau này) đại diện cho các thế lực chống lại dân Chúa.

Một lần nữa, thể hiện lòng tin tưởng sâu sắc vào sự chăm sóc của Chúa, Ê-li-a đi và, như đã hứa, tìm thấy người góa phụ đang nhặt củi. Ông xin một ít nước uống và bà đi lấy cho ông. Tuy nhiên, khi bà sắp đi, Ê-li-a cũng xin một ít bánh mì để ăn. Lúc này bà từ chối.

“Chắc chắn như Đức Chúa, Đức Chúa Trời của ông, hằng sống,” bà bắt đầu. Lời thề của bà nhân danh Chúa hoặc là để kính trọng Ê-li-a, người Ít-ra-en, hoặc thậm chí là để thừa nhận Đức Chúa Trời của Ê-li-a. Bà nói với ông rằng bà chỉ có một ít bột mì và một ít dầu trong nhà. Bà đang nhặt củi để chuẩn bị bữa ăn cuối cùng cho mình và con trai. Sau đó, không còn gì để ăn, họ chuẩn bị đối mặt với cái chết.

“Đừng sợ hãi,” Ê-li-a nói – một câu nói xuất hiện nhiều lần trong cả Cựu Ước và Tân Ước, và thường được chính Chúa Giê-su sử dụng. Ông bảo bà đi nấu ăn cho con trai nhưng trước tiên hãy chuẩn bị một chiếc bánh nhỏ cho cậu. Người góa phụ được yêu cầu dâng hiến tất cả những gì mình có để nuôi sống người mang lời Chúa. Yêu cầu dâng hiến tất cả về bản chất là yêu cầu của giao ước mà dân Ít-ra-en đã phá vỡ.

Ê-li-a sau đó trích dẫn cho bà một lời hứa từ Chúa: bà sẽ không thiếu bột mì hay dầu ăn cho đến ngày mưa trở lại. Trong một hành động tin tưởng kỳ diệu, bà đồng ý. Bà gợi nhớ đến người góa phụ trong Phúc Âm đã dâng hiến tất cả những gì mình có cho kho bạc của Đền thờ. Lòng tin của người phụ nữ ngoại đạo này cũng trái ngược hoàn toàn với dân Ít-ra-en, những người đã ràng buộc mình bằng giao ước để phục vụ Chúa một cách vô điều kiện và trọn vẹn, nhưng đã bội ước nhiều lần và đang làm như vậy một lần nữa.

Lời hứa của Ê-li-a đã sớm được xác nhận cho người góa phụ. Vì hũ bột và bình dầu không bao giờ cạn trong suốt một năm. Nhờ đức tin của mình, người phụ nữ đã nhận được phước lành đã hứa, trong khi dân Ít-ra-en đã bỏ giao ước và theo Ba-an và A-sê-ra để tìm kiếm sự thịnh vượng. Giờ đây, giữa một vương quốc ngoại đạo, người góa phụ nhận ra rằng sự vâng phục tin cậy lời Chúa là con đường dẫn đến sự sống.

Chúa đã chu cấp một cách kỳ diệu cho người phụ nữ ngoại bang này, người mà nhờ đức tin vào lời Chúa, đã đặt cả mạng sống mình vào nguy hiểm. Ngài đã ban cho bà “manna” từ trời ngay cả khi Ngài đang giữ lại thức ăn khỏi dân bất trung của Ngài ở vùng đất hứa.

Toàn bộ câu chuyện là một bài học về việc tin tưởng vào sự chăm sóc của Chúa dành cho chúng ta. Sau này, tại quê hương Na-da-rét của mình, Chúa Giê-su sẽ dùng ví dụ về người phụ nữ ngoại bang này cũng như việc Ê-li-sa chữa lành Na-a-man, người bị bệnh phong ở Sy-ri, làm ví dụ về việc người ngoại bang có đức tin lớn hơn dân của Chúa. Chúa Giê-su không thể chữa lành nhiều người ở Na-da-rét vì họ từ chối nhìn nhận Ngài như một người bình thường, không chịu nhìn nhận Ngài như những người hàng xóm của họ.

 

Câu chuyện này cũng nhắc nhở chúng ta rằng bí quyết của cuộc sống là mọi người hãy chia sẻ rộng rãi những gì mình có. Khi điều đó xảy ra, sẽ không ai thiếu thốn. Khi mọi người cho đi, mọi người đều nhận lại.

 

 


Chú giải về Mát-thêu 5,13-16

Chúng ta có thể hoàn toàn tràn đầy tinh thần của Tám Mối Phúc, nhưng điều đó sẽ không có ích gì nhiều nếu những ảnh hưởng của chúng không được thể hiện rõ ràng trong cuộc sống của chúng ta. Để là một Ki-tô hữu, chỉ tốt thôi chưa đủ; chúng ta phải được người khác nhìn thấy là tốt. Chỉ “có một đời sống tâm linh” khiến chúng ta cảm thấy bình an và thanh thản là chưa đủ. Đời sống tâm linh của Tin Mừng là sự lan tỏa. Chúng ta không chỉ phải là môn đệ của Chúa Kitô mà còn cần phải rao giảng về Ngài.

Trong bài đọc hôm nay từ Bài Giảng Trên Núi ngay sau Tám Mối Phúc, Chúa Giê-su đã trình bày cho chúng ta một số hình ảnh thể hiện điều này. Trước hết, Chúa Giê-su nói rằng những người theo Ngài phải là “muối của đất”. Muối là một thành phần thiết yếu trong hầu hết các món ăn đã nấu chín (ngay cả đồ ngọt) để tạo vị. Chúng ta đều biết cảm giác khi ăn súp không có muối; chúng ta biết muối đóng vai trò quan trọng như thế nào trong việc tạo hương vị cho các loại thức ăn nhanh sản xuất hàng loạt.

Chúng ta phải giống như muối; chúng ta phải mang lại hương vị và sự sống động cho môi trường xung quanh. Chúng ta làm điều đó thông qua quan điểm sống đặc thù mà chúng ta có và mời gọi người khác cùng chia sẻ. Ở khía cạnh tốt nhất, người Kitô hữu đã rất hiệu quả trong việc này, và đã có tác động lớn đến các giá trị của nhiều xã hội và mang lại những thay đổi lớn lao.

Muối không vị thì gần như vô dụng. Muối đã mất vị chỉ đáng vứt đi. Đồng thời, ở phương Tây, đôi khi chúng ta cũng rắc một ít muối lên cạnh đĩa. Muối đó, dù ngon đến đâu, vẫn không có tác dụng gì nếu không được cho vào thức ăn. Và đây là một đặc điểm thú vị của muối, đó là nó hòa quyện hoàn toàn với thức ăn và biến mất. Không thể nhìn thấy nó, nhưng có thể nếm được nó.

Điều đó nhắc nhở chúng ta rằng, với tư cách là người Kitô hữu, nếu muốn có tác dụng mang lại hương vị, chúng ta phải hoàn toàn hòa nhập vào xã hội của mình. Là người Kitô hữu, chúng ta phải chống lại mọi cám dỗ rút lui và tách rời khỏi thế giới. Đó là một cám dỗ mà chúng ta dễ dàng sa vào, và ngày nay có rất nhiều nơi mà Giáo hội vắng bóng. Ở đó không có muối. Ví dụ, trong các khu thương mại, khu công nghiệp, trung tâm giải trí và truyền thông của chúng ta, sự hiện diện hữu hình của Kitô giáo ở đâu?

Những hình ảnh khác mà Chúa Giê-su sử dụng ngày nay bao gồm việc là “ánh sáng của thế gian” hoặc là “một thành phố được xây dựng trên đồi”. Không thể nào che giấu được; nó nổi bật như một ngọn hải đăng. Và mục đích của việc thắp một ngọn nến rồi che nó lại bằng một cái chậu là gì? Bạn thắp nến để soi sáng cho mọi người thấy được đường đi và không bị ngã. Việc chịu phép rửa tội rồi lại ẩn mình cũng giống như việc thắp nến rồi che nó lại.

Cuối cùng, Chúa Giê-su cho chúng ta lý do tại sao chúng ta lại làm cho mình trở nên hữu hình như vậy—để mọi người có thể thấy những việc làm tốt của chúng ta. Có phải là để chúng ta được hưởng sự ngưỡng mộ và kinh ngạc của họ không? Không! Đúng hơn, đó là để mọi người được dẫn dắt qua chúng ta đến với Đức Chúa Trời, Đấng đã tạo dựng nên họ, Đấng yêu thương họ và muốn dẫn dắt họ đến với chính Ngài.

Ngày nay, chúng ta cần suy ngẫm về việc đức tin Kitô giáo của chúng ta hữu hình như thế nào đối với người khác, với tư cách cá nhân, gia đình, thành viên của một nhóm Kitô giáo, giáo dân và giáo phận. Có những người hoặc những nơi nào trong khu vực của chúng ta mà sự chứng kiến ​​của Ki-tô giáo hầu như không tồn tại không? Chúng ta có thể làm gì để thay đổi điều đó?

 

https://livingspace.sacredspace.ie/o1103g/

 

 


Suy Niệm: Muối và Ánh Sáng

Muối là để làm gia vị, đèn là để soi sáng. Với hai hình ảnh này, Chúa Giêsu muốn nói lên sứ mệnh của Giáo Hội trong trần thế. Ngay từ đầu lịch sử của mình, Giáo Hội đã ý thức về sứ mệnh ấy. Giáo Hội là muối và ánh sáng của thế giới, bởi vì là Thân Thể của Ðấng là Ðường, là Sự Thật và là Sự Sống. Giáo Hội luôn xác tín rằng tất cả chân lý về Thiên Chúa và về con người đã được Chúa Giêsu mạc khải và ủy thác cho Giáo Hội. Qua cuộc sống của mình, Giáo Hội bày tỏ cho nhân loại biết con người là ai? Con người bởi đâu mà đến? Con người sẽ đi về đâu? Qua cuộc sống của mình, Giáo Hội chứng tỏ cho con người cùng đích của cuộc sống, đó là sống với Thiên Chúa.

Các tín hữu tiên khởi đã xác tín về điều đó, cuộc sống bác ái yêu thương của họ đã là muối và ánh sáng cho nhiều người. Những tiến bộ về khoa học, văn hóa, kinh tế và ngay cả chính trị tại Âu Châu thời Trung Cổ quả là thể hiện vai trò muối và ánh sáng của Giáo Hội. Không ai có thể vai trò hạt nhân về phát triển của các Tu viện Công giáo. Văn minh Tây phương, dù muốn hay không, vẫn là văn minh Kitô giáo. Những giá trị tinh thần mà nhân loại đạt được ngày nay, như tự do, dân chủ, nhân quyền, đều là những giá trị xuất phát từ Kitô giáo. Qua những giá trị tinh thần ấy, chúng ta có thể nói rằng muối của Giáo Hội đã ướp được phần lớn trái đất, ánh sáng của Giáo Hội đã chiếu soi vào những góc tối tăm của tâm hồn.

Tuy nhiên, hình ảnh muối và ánh sáng vẫn luôn gợi lên cho chúng ta cái tư thế nhỏ bé của Giáo Hội. Người ta chỉ cần một lượng nhỏ muối để ướp một lượng lớn thực phẩm, một cái đèn nhỏ cũng đủ để chiếu dọi một khoảng không gian lớn. Phải chăng với hình ảnh của muối và ánh sáng, Chúa Giêsu không muốn ám chỉ tới cái vị thế đàn chiên nhỏ bé là Giáo Hội? Ðã qua hơn 2,000 năm lịch sử, các môn đệ Chúa Giêsu đã đi khắp thế giới để rao giảng cho mọi dân tộc. Nếu xét về con số, thì thực tế không thể chối cãi là hơn 2/3 nhân loại vẫn chưa trở thành môn đệ Chúa Giêsu, và càng ngày xem chừng những người mang danh hiệu Kitô càng nhỏ lại, nếu so với những người ngoài Kitô giáo.

Muối và đèn soi vốn là những hình ảnh gợi lên cho chúng ta cái tư thế thiểu số của Giáo Hội trong trần thế, nhưng lại mời gọi chúng ta xác tín về sứ mệnh vô cùng to tát của Giáo Hội. Bằng mọi giá, Giáo Hội phải ướp mặn thế giới, phải chiếu soi trần gian bằng chính chân lý cao cả mà Chúa Giêsu đã mạc khải và ủy thác cho mình. Cả vận mệnh nhân loại tùy thuộc sứ mệnh của Giáo Hội, do đó không có lý do nào cho phép Giáo Hội xao lãng sứ mệnh ấy. Thánh Phaolô đã nói lên sự khẩn thiết của sứ mệnh ấy như sau: "Gặp thời thuận tiện hay không thuận tiện, cũng phải luôn luôn rao giảng Tin Mừng của Chúa".

Ðã có một lúc Giáo Hội gặp nhiều dễ dàng và thuận tiện trong việc thực thi sứ mệnh: cả một quốc gia, cả một lục địa đón nhận sứ điệp Tin Mừng. Thế nhưng, cũng có biết bao thời kỳ Giáo Hội bị khước từ, bị bách hại, đây chính là lúc không thuận tiện mà thánh Phaolô nói đến và cũng là lúc Giáo Hội càng phải rao giảng mạnh mẽ và kiên quyết hơn. Chính vì là thiểu số, và là một thiểu số bị loại trừ và bách hại, Giáo Hội lại càng phải ý thức hơn về vai trò là muối và ánh sáng của mình.

Một trong những nguy cơ lớn nhất đối với Giáo Hội chính là thỏa hiệp: thỏa hiệp để được một chút dễ dãi, thỏa hiệp để được một chút đặc quyền đặc lợi. Thực ra, đã là thỏa hiệp tức là đánh mất một phần căn tính của mình: thay vì muối để ướp cho mặn, thì muối lại đánh mất chất mặn của mình đi; đã là đèn dùng để soi sáng thì đèn lại bị đặt dưới đáy thùng; thay vì rao giảng lời chân lý, Giáo Hội thỏa hiệp để chỉ còn rao giảng lời của những sức mạnh đang khống chế mình. Xét cho cùng, sứ mệnh của muối và ánh sáng cũng chính là sứ mệnh của tiên tri. Số phận của tiên tri là số phận của thiểu số, nhưng là thiểu số dám lên tiếng rao giảng chân lý, sẵn sàng tố cáo bất công, và dĩ nhiên sẵn sàng hy sinh, ngay cả mạng sống mình.

Giáo Hội là muối và ánh sáng thế gian. Mỗi Kitô hữu tự bản chất cũng là muối và ánh sáng của thế gian. Họ sẽ đánh mất bản chất mặn của muối và tia sáng của ánh sáng, nếu chỉ vì một chút lợi lộc vật chất, một chút dễ dãi, mà họ thỏa hiệp với những gì đi ngược chân lý của Chúa Giêsu. Một cách cụ thể, người Kitô hữu sẽ không còn là muối và ánh sáng, nếu theo dòng chảy của xã hội, họ cũng lọc lừa, móc ngoặc, dối trá.

Nguyện xin Chúa ban thêm sức mạnh, để dù chỉ là một thiểu số, chúng ta vẫn luôn là muối có sức ướp mặn xã hội, là đèn có sức chiếu soi xã hội.

(Trích trong ‘Mỗi Ngày Một Tin Vui’)

 

 

Chủ Nhật, 7 tháng 6, 2026

JUNE 8, 2026: MONDAY OF THE TENTH WEEK IN ORDINARY TIME

 June 8, 2026

Monday of the Tenth Week in Ordinary Time

Lectionary: 359

 


Reading 1

1 Kings 17:1-6

Elijah the Tishbite, from Tishbe in Gilead, said to Ahab:
“As the LORD, the God of Israel, lives, whom I serve,
during these years there shall be no dew or rain except at my word.”
The LORD then said to Elijah:
“Leave here, go east
and hide in the Wadi Cherith, east of the Jordan.
You shall drink of the stream,
and I have commanded ravens to feed you there.”
So he left and did as the LORD had commanded.
He went and remained by the Wadi Cherith, east of the Jordan.
Ravens brought him bread and meat in the morning,
and bread and meat in the evening,
and he drank from the stream.
 

Responsorial Psalm

Psalm 121:1bc-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8

R. (see 2) Our help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
I lift up my eyes toward the mountains;
whence shall help come to me?
My help is from the LORD,
who made heaven and earth.
R. Our help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
May he not suffer your foot to slip;
may he slumber not who guards you:
Indeed he neither slumbers nor sleeps,
the guardian of Israel.
R. Our help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
The LORD is your guardian; the LORD is your shade;
he is beside you at your right hand.
The sun shall not harm you by day,
nor the moon by night.
R. Our help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
The LORD will guard you from all evil;
he will guard your life.
The LORD will guard your coming and your going,
both now and forever.
R. Our help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
 

Alleluia

Matthew 5:12a

R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Rejoice and be glad;
for your reward will be great in heaven.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
 

Gospel

Matthew 5:1-12

When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up the mountain,
and after he had sat down, his disciples came to him. 
He began to teach them, saying:

“Blessed are the poor in spirit,
for theirs is the Kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are they who mourn,
for they will be comforted.
Blessed are the meek,
for they will inherit the land.
Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness,
for they will be satisfied.
Blessed are the merciful,
for they will be shown mercy.
Blessed are the clean of heart,
for they will see God.
Blessed are the peacemakers,
for they will be called children of God.
Blessed are they who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness,
for theirs is the Kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are you when they insult you and persecute you
and utter every kind of evil against you falsely because of me.
Rejoice and be glad,
for your reward will be great in heaven.
Thus they persecuted the prophets who were before you.”
 

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Commentary on 1 Kings 17:1-6

As stated in the Vatican II Missal:

“Today we begin reading the story of the dramatic man of God, Elijah (9th century BC). The king of the northern kingdom, Ahab, married the pagan, Jezebel.  She introduced pagan cults.  Elijah, chosen by God to battle paganism, announces a lengthy drought as God’s punishment.”

For the next three weeks we are returning to the Books of Kings.  We will be reading from both the First and Second Books.  The readings centre mainly on the great prophet Elijah and also on his successor, Elisha.  Also featuring prominently will be King Ahab and his notorious wife, Jezebel.

What is told here probably belongs to the earlier life of the prophet, and the author takes up the story where it fits into his overall narrative.  It is the description of a serious drought which is seen as a punishment for the introduction into Israel of the worship of Baal.  We are in the reign of King Ahab, who had married Jezebel, a woman from Sidon, and it was through her influence that the king introduced the worship of Baal.  He even built a temple to Baal in Samaria.

All we are told of Elijah’s origins is that he came from Tishbe in Gilead.  Gilead was a region in the northern area on the east side of the Jordan.  The exact location of Tishbe is not now known.  He was being sent by God to oppose vigorously, by word and action, both Baal worship and those engaged in it.

Elijah begins by proclaiming solemnly to King Ahab in the name of the Lord that, until God declares otherwise, there will be a drought in Israel. The reason is clear—it is a punishment for the idolatry of God’s people.

Elijah makes his proclamation in the name of:

…the Lord the God of Israel…before whom I stand…

This is a technical phrase which indicates someone who stands in the service of a king.  Kings and priests were specially anointed to serve as God’s official representatives and spokespersons with the responsibility to see that their people remained faithful to the covenant and in the service of God.  Since the days of Jeroboam, the northern kingdom had not had such a priest, and its kings had all been unfaithful.

Now in the great religious crisis brought on by Ahab’s promotion of Baal worship, the Lord sent Elijah (and after him Elisha) to serve as his representative (instead of a king and priests), much as Moses had done long ago.  In fact, the author of Kings highlights many similarities between the ministries of Elijah and Moses.

The Lord says to Elijah:

…there shall be neither dew nor rain these years, except by my word.

This form of punishment is significant because, although Baal was seen as a god of fertility and lord of the rain clouds on which that fertility depended, he was powerless against Yahweh’s decision to withhold all rain and moisture.  This will be dramatically emphasised and proved in the scene which brings the drought to an end.

Symbolically, too, Elijah is told to go away from God’s land and hide on the east side of the Jordan.  By this gesture God indicates that he is withdrawing from his people, leaving them isolated from his word (which comes through the prophet) and from his blessings.  The absence of the prophet only confirms God’s separation from his people.  Such symbolic acts by prophets are common in the Old Testament.  The location of the “Wadi Cherith” is not certain.  Possibly it was a gorge formed by one of the northern tributaries to the Yarmuk River.

At the same time, while God’s people in the promised land go thirsty and hungry during the drought that afflicts them, Elijah will drink from the stream in the oasis and, miraculously, ravens will bring him bread in the morning and meat in the evening.  The Lord’s faithful servant was miraculously sustained on the other side of the Jordan (like Israel in the desert in the time of Moses), while Israel in the promised land was going hungry—another clear message to Israel of its vain reliance on Baal.

The fact that Elijah was sustained in a miraculous way apart from living among his own people also demonstrated that the word of God was not dependent on the people, but the people were totally dependent on the word of God. It was not God who had gone back on his covenant promises to his people. It was his people who had violated the covenant by turning their back on him and cultivating the idols of Baal.

Sometimes we think that God has abandoned us, but if we looked more closely, we would find that it is we who have moved away from him.  Our hunger, too, for the most part is a spiritual hunger.  When we are close to him, we can find his presence and his love in every experience that we have.

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Commentary on Matthew 5:1-12

Today we begin reading from Matthew’s Gospel and will continue to do so for several weeks to come. We begin with chapter 5 and the Sermon on the Mount.

In reading Matthew’s Gospel, we need to remember that it was directed primarily at a readership with a Jewish background, and in this it differs greatly from Mark’s Gospel. One of Matthew’s aims is to present Jesus as the new Moses, transcending, but not putting aside the law given to the Israelites by the first Moses. And as the Law of Moses is contained in what we call the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Bible), the law or teaching of Jesus is presented uniquely in this Gospel by five long discourses.

The first of these is the Sermon on the Mount and it consists mainly of the qualities which are expected of a follower of the new Law, and the new Moses—Jesus. It begins with what we call the Eight Beatitudes. It could be said that these have been greatly under-rated in the life of the Christian churches, Catholic and otherwise. Most people tend to see the centre of Christian living in the Ten Commandments, and yet they really belong to the Hebrew (Old) Testament; they are part of that Law which the coming of Jesus did not nullify, but transcended. They are, of course, still valid as moral guidelines, but in many ways, they fall far short of the expectations presented by Jesus in the Beatitudes.

It would seem, in fact, that Matthew is presenting the Beatitudes as taking over the role of the Commandments, and this is indicated by the prominent place they have in forming the opening of the first discourse. They are, as it were, a manifesto of Jesus’ message and his call to see the world in his way. They express the necessary attitudes of those who belong to the Kingdom. Those who have these attitudes already have entered that Kingdom.

Perhaps a few words about the ‘Kingdom’ are in order. In many ways, Matthew’s Gospel can be called ‘a Gospel of the Kingdom’. The phrase that Matthew consistently uses, however, is ‘Kingdom of heaven’. For many people this can be misleading because it causes them to think that Jesus is talking about the next life, our life in ‘heaven’. As a result, the Beatitudes are sometimes interpreted as conditions to be observed by those who want to go to heaven after they die.

This may be a serious misreading of the text. Matthew uses the term ‘Kingdom of heaven’ because, mindful of the Jewish background of his readers, he does not like to mention the name of God directly. He uses other circumlocutions in the course of his Gospel to get around using God’s name, as when he has Jesus say:

…whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven…
(Matt 16:19)

By using passive voice in the second half of the statement, he avoids mentioning the Doer—God. The other Gospels have no hesitation in talking about the ‘Kingdom of God’, and it is important to understand that is also what Matthew means.

What is this Kingdom? It is not a place. The Greek word, basileia, is an abstract word which means ‘kingship’ or ‘reign’ rather than ‘kingdom’, which suggests a territory. ‘Kingship’ or ‘reign’, on the contrary, suggests power. To belong to the Kingdom or Kingship of God, then, is to put oneself fully, consciously and deliberately under the power of God—to experience that power and be empowered by it. That power is above all the power of agape-love.

When we say in the Lord’s Prayer, “your Kingdom come”, we are not talking about a future life after death, but praying that people everywhere put themselves under the loving power of God in the here and now. That is made clear by the petition immediately following: “your will be done on earth…” Our first call as Christians is to belong to, to enter that Kingdom, and not just to be a member of the Church.

The Church is, in so far as it is faithful to the call of Christ, part of the Kingdom, but the Kingdom extends far beyond the membership of the Church. The Church is, as it were, the sacrament or visible sign of the Kingdom. There are many examples in our present time of people, who are not even Christian, who are very much full of the spirit of the Kingdom, more so perhaps than many who are baptised. An example from the past is Mahatma Gandhi, who was particularly fond of the Beatitudes and identified with them.

Today’s text begins with Jesus seeing the crowds and going up a hill. Moses, too, delivered God’s law from an elevated place, Mount Sinai. In neither case can we identify the actual mountain or hill, although traditionally, of course, there is a hill near the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee that has been called the Mount of the Beatitudes.

In the traditional way of a teacher, Jesus sits down to teach. We see him doing the same in the synagogue at Nazareth (Luke 4:20). He is joined by his disciples, and it is not clear whether they were the primary object of his teaching, or that the crowds were also included. The teaching, of course, is directed to followers and, in particular, to those reading the Gospel.

Jesus begins the discourse with the wonderful words of the Beatitudes. There are eight of them, each one beginning with the words, “Blessed are those…” ‘Blessed’ is also translated as ‘Happy’ and is from the Greek adjective makarios which includes not only the idea of happiness, but also of good fortune, of being specially blessed. So we can also translate it as “Happy are those…” or “Fortunate are those…” It is important to realise that being a follower of Christ is intended to be a source of deep happiness and a realisation that one is truly fortunate to have discovered this vision of life.

At a first reading, the Beatitudes seem to fly in the face of commonly accepted ideals of the good life. It takes a deeper reading to see their inner truth.

Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
The Gospel in general shows great concern for the poor, that is, all those people who are deprived of what they rightfully need to lead a life of decent dignity. Why should the poor be particularly blessed? As people living in deprivation, obviously they are not. But in terms of the Kingdom, they are blessed because in the Kingdom, where love, compassion and justice prevail, there is no place for such inequality. The Kingdom is an environment of interlocking relationships where people take care of each other, and where the resources of all are shared according to the needs of all. The Kingdom is a place of blessings and happiness for the poor because it spells the end of their poverty. The poor are the “little ones” that Jesus speaks about as qualification for entering the Kingdom. They are the “last” who will be first. And, while ‘poverty’ in a wider sense can be applied to all, Jesus is thinking especially of the material simplicity that he expects from his disciples, a poverty which he himself experienced with “nowhere to lay his head”. Wealth can only mean depriving the needy of what they should have.

Matthew is unique in using the term “poor in spirit”, and it is a significant addition. While the Gospel in speaking of the poor is mainly and rightly concerned with the materially poor, Matthew’s phrase can broaden the concept. Because in reality, there are many other ways in which people can be deprived and regarded as poor. We are more sensitive to this in our own day with our deeper insights into psychological and sociological factors. People can, although materially well-off, be literally poor in spirit. That is, they have little spirit, very little happiness, lives of full of stress and anxiety and anger and resentment. These are all the result of our highly competitive, each-person-for-himself society, which is everything that the Kingdom is not. Taken in that sense, the Beatitude applies to a very large number of people.

Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth.
The word “meek” is variously translated as ‘gentle’, ‘lowly’ or ‘humble’. The Greek word comes from the noun prautes. The beatitude is reminiscent of a phrase in Psalm 37:

But the meek shall inherit the land
and delight themselves in abundant prosperity.
(Ps 37:11)

Perhaps ‘gentle’ is the better rendering. It suggests someone who is kind and caring and not particularly assertive and dominating. In our rough and tumble society, such people normally get pushed aside and can thus be classed among the ‘lowly’ and the ‘humble’. But they are not necessarily ‘meek’, which suggests people who allow themselves to be trampled on. Rather, they belong to those who subscribe to active non-violence. That is, they will never resort to any form of violent behaviour to achieve their goals, but they are active and pro-active, not passive—or meek. We might think of a historical figure like Martin Luther King, Jr. To be ‘gentle’ in this sense requires a great inner strength and, of course, in the Kingdom there is a very desirable need for such people. It is there that they will come into their own.

In some texts this Beatitude is interchanged with the following and sometimes it is presented as an addition to the first about the “poor in spirit”, where ‘gentle’ is understood as ‘lowly’. In this case there would only be seven Beatitudes, a more biblical number.

Blessed (Happy) are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.
Mourning and happiness would seem to be contradictory to each other. It does not say what the mourning might be about. It could be the death of a family member or a loved one, but it could be something quite different altogether.

Again we have to see the beatitude in the context of the Kingdom. There, those who mourn—for whatever reason—can be sure of experiencing the comfort and support of their brothers and sisters. That is something that they cannot be always sure of in a world where people are too busy taking care of their own immediate interests. Mourning by itself is never a happy experience, but it can become a blessing when surrounded by the right people as their love and concern are poured out.

Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.
‘What is right’? ‘What is just’? Righteousness, meaning ‘being just’ or ‘being right’ (it is also synonymous with ‘justice’ in some translations) is when each person is accorded what ‘belongs’ to them. A just or righteous world is a world of right relationships; in the Kingdom, that is realised. And so, those who truly hunger and thirst to see justice done in our world for every single person will see their dreams and hopes come to fruition.

It is a hunger and thirst which everyone of us should pray to have. Only when we all have that hunger and thirst will justice be achieved and the Kingdom become a reality. We have made progress over the years, but we still have a long, long way to go.

Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy.
Mercy, compassion, the ability to forgive fully—the Kingdom is a world full of mercy and forgiveness. And just as we will be ready to forgive others, we will find that others will be ready to forgive us when we fail in our responsibilities towards others. In the Lord’s Prayer, which is a prayer of the Kingdom, this is what we ask for:

…forgive us our sins because we forgive the sins of those who have offended us.

In fact, it should be impossible for those who belong to the Kingdom to be offended, and forgiveness should come easily to them. That does not mean, of course, that we condone every wrong. The question of justice always remains. But condemning wrong does not exclude healing wounds caused by the hurt which wrongdoing causes. And mercy understood as compassion is a particularly desirable quality in a Kingdom person. Such a person not only experiences pity for those who suffer, but knows how to enter into and empathise with what they are going through. This was a quality found again and again in Jesus himself.

Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God.
‘Pure’ here is not referring primarily—or solely—to sexual purity, as is sometimes thought.* The pure in heart are those whose vision is totally free of any distortion or prejudice. They see things exactly as they are. As a result, they have little difficulty in recognising the presence and the action of God in the people and the environment around them. This purity of heart, this ability to be able to see with perfect clarity, is truly a gift. It requires a high level of integrity on our part, but the rewards are enormous.

Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.
Surely this is one of the most beautiful of the beatitudes and the one we would all love to have applied to ourselves. In a world so full of divisions and conflicts of all kinds, the role of the peacemaker is so much needed. It is something we can all do, starting in our own homes, then in our working places and the wider society. It is something we can do as individuals and in groups, as parishes and churches. And, how true that, as peacemakers, we can be called “children of God”! The Letter to the Ephesians speaks beautifully of Jesus as making peace and breaking down walls between people, by his death on the cross (see Eph 2:14).

Blessed are those who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Most people would hardly regard being persecuted, which could involve prison, torture and death, as a source of blessedness in the context of ‘happiness’. But it is not the persecution that triggers the happiness, it is the reason why it is willingly undergone.

Right from the beginnings of the Church, as described in the Acts of the Apostles, Christians rejoiced to be found worthy to suffer with and like their Lord in the proclamation of his message and way of life. That way of life was so precious to them, such a source of meaning, that they were more than willing to give their lives to defend it.

In prison, they sang songs and prayed, as did many civil rights leaders (most of them committed Christians) in the United States who would sing “We shall overcome” as they rode the paddy wagons to jail. It is a much more painful experience to compromise with our deepest convictions in order to avoid criticism or physical suffering. They are indeed, as Jesus says, the successors to the great prophets of the Hebrew Testament. Truly happy are those, who with integrity, can stand by their convictions whatever the cost.

Some people have seen in these Beatitudes a portrait of Jesus himself, and certainly The Beatitudes should be the portrait of every Christian and of every Kingdom person. They are the charter that people everywhere (and not just Christians) are called to follow. They go far beyond what is demanded of us in the Ten Commandments. The Commandments are not so difficult to follow and, in so far as several of them are expressed in the negative (‘Thou shalt not…’), they can be observed by doing nothing! There is no way, however, that people can ever say they observe any Beatitude to the fullest. They always call us to a further and higher level.

__________________________________
*From the Catechism of the Catholic Church #2518: “Pure in heart” refers to those who have attuned their intellects and wills to the demands of God’s holiness, chiefly in three areas: charity; chastity or sexual rectitude; love of truth and orthodoxy of faith.”

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Monday, June 8, 2026

Tenth Week in Ordinary Time

Opening Prayer

God of wisdom and love, source of all good, send your Spirit to teach us your truth and guide our actions in your way of peace.

We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

Gospel Reading - Matthew 5: 1-12

Seeing the crowds, Jesus went onto the mountain. And when he was seated his disciples came to him. Then he began to speak. This is what he taught them:

How blessed are the poor in spirit: the kingdom of Heaven is theirs. 

Blessed are the gentle: they shall have the earth as inheritance.

Blessed are those who mourn: they shall be comforted.

Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for uprightness: they shall have their fill. 

Blessed are the merciful: they shall have mercy shown them.

Blessed are the pure in heart: they shall see God.

Blessed are the peacemakers: they shall be recognized as children of God. Blessed are those who are persecuted in the cause of uprightness: the kingdom of Heaven is theirs.

Blessed are you when people abuse you and persecute you and speak all kinds of calumny against you falsely on my account. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward will be great in heaven; this is how they persecuted the prophets before you.

Reflection

From today, beginning of the 10th week of Ordinary Time, up to the end of the

21st Week of Ordinary time, the daily Gospels are taken from the Gospel of Matthew. Starting from the beginning of the 22nd week of Ordinary Time, up to the end of the Liturgical Year, the Gospels are taken from the Gospel of Luke.

            In Matthew’s Gospel written for the communities of the converted Jews of Galilee and Syria, Jesus is presented as the New Moses, the new legislator. In the Old Testament the Law of Moses was codified in five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. Imitating the ancient model, Matthew presents the New Law in five great discourses spread over in the Gospel: 

            a) the Sermon on the Mountain (Mt 5: 1 to 7: 29);

            b) the Discourse on the Mission (Mt 10: 1-42); 

            c) The Discourse of the Parables (Mt 13: 1-52); 

            d) The Discourse of the Community (Mt 18: 1-35); 

            e) The Discourse of the Future of the Kingdom (Mt 24: 1 to  25: 46). 

The narrative parts, which have been put in among the five Discourses, describe the practice of Jesus and show how He observed the New Law and incarnated it in his life.

            Matthew 5: 1-2: The solemn announcement of the New Law. In agreement with the context of the Gospel of Matthew, in the moment when Jesus pronounces the Discourse on the Mountain, there were only four disciples with him (cf. Mt 4: 18-22). Few people. But an immense multitude was behind him (Mt 4: 25). In the Old Testament, Moses went up to Mount Sinai to receive the Law of God. As it happened to Moses, Jesus went up to the Mountain, and seeing the crowd, he proclaimed the New Law. The solemn way in which Matthew introduces the proclamation of the New Law is significant: “Seeing the crowds, he went onto the mountain. And when he was seated his disciples came to him. Then he began to speak. This is what he taught them: How blessed are the poor in spirit, the kingdom of Heaven is theirs”. The eight Beatitudes open in a solemn way the “Discourse on the Mountain” – the sermon on the Mountain. In them Jesus defines who can be considered blessed, who can enter into the Kingdom. There are eight categories of persons, eight entrance doors to the Kingdom, for the community. There are no other entrances! Anyone who wants to enter into the Kingdom should identify himself with at least one of these eight categories.

            Matthew 5: 3: Blessed are the poor in spirit. Jesus acknowledges the richness and the value of the poor (Mt 11: 25-26). He defines his own mission in these words: “to proclaim the Good News to the poor” (Lk 4: 18). He himself lives poorly. He possesses nothing for himself, not even a stone where to rest his head (Mt 88: 20). And to anyone who wants to follow him, he orders to choose: God or money! (Mt 6: 24). In Luke’s Gospel it is said: “Blessed are you who are poor!” (Lk 6: 20). But who is poor in spirit? It is the poor person who has the same spirit that animated Jesus. It is not the rich person, neither the poor person who has the mentality of a rich person. But rather it is the poor person who acts as Jesus, he thinks of the poor and recognizes the value in him. It is the poor person who says: “I think that the world will be better when the little one who suffers thinks of the least.

            Blessed the poor in spirit => for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven

            Blessed the meek => they shall have the earth as inheritance

            Blessed those who mourn => they will be consoled

            Blessed those who hunger and thirst for justice => they shall have their fill

            Blessed are the merciful => they shall have mercy shown them

            Blessed are the pure in heart => they shall see God

            Blessed are the peacemakers => they shall be recognized children of God

            Blessed those persecuted in the cause of justice => theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.

            Matthew 5: 4-9: The new project of life. Every time that in the Bible they try to renew the Covenant, they begin by re-establishing the rights of the poor and of the excluded. Without this, the Covenant cannot be renewed! This is the way the Prophets did, this is how Jesus did. In the Beatitudes, he announces the new Project of God which accepts the poor and the excluded. It denounces the system which excludes the poor and which persecutes those who fight for justice. The first category of the “poor in spirit” and the last category of those “persecuted for the cause of justice” receive the same promise of the Kingdom of Heaven. And they receive it beginning now, in the present, because Jesus says: “theirs is the Kingdom!” The Kingdom is already present in their life. Between the first and the last category, there are six other categories which receive the promise of the Kingdom. In them there is the new project of life which wants to reconstruct life totally through a new type of relationship: with material goods (the first two); with persons among themselves (2nd two); with God (3rd two). The Christian community should be an example of this Kingdom, a place where the Kingdom begins ands takes shape, form beginning now. The three duos: 

            First duo: the meek and those who mourn: the meek are those poor of whom Psalm 37 speaks. They have been deprived of their land and they will inherit it again (Ps 37: 11; cf. Ps 37: 22, 29, 34). Those who mourn are those who weep in the face of injustices in the world and in people (cf. Ps 119: 136; Ez 9: 4; Tb 13. 16; 2 P 2: 7). These two Beatitudes want to reconstruct the relationship with material goods: the possession of the land and of the reconciled world.

            Second duo: those who hunger and thirst for justice and the merciful: Those who are hungry and thirsty for justice are those who desire to renew human living together, in such a way that once again it may be according to the demands of justice. The merciful are those who feel in their heart the misery of others because they want to eliminate the inequality between brothers and sisters. These two Beatitudes want to reconstruct the relationship among persons through the practice of justice and solidarity.

            Third duo: The pure in heart and the peacemakers: The pure in heart are those who have a contemplative look which allows them to perceive the presence of God in everything. Those who promote peace, the peacemakers, will be called children of God, because they make an effort so that a new experience of God can penetrate in everything and can integrate all things. These two Beatitudes want to build up the relationship with God: to see the presence of God which acts in everything and be called son and daughter of God.

            Matthew 5: 10-12: The persecuted for the cause of justice and of the Gospel. The Beatitudes say exactly the contrary of what society in which we live says. In fact, in society, those who are persecuted for the cause of justice are considered as unhappy, wretched persons. The poor is unhappy. Blessed is the one who has money and can go to the Supermarket and spend as he wishes. Blessed is the one who is hungry for power. The unhappy and wretched are the poor, those who weep! In television, the novels diffuse this myth of the happy and fulfilled person. And without being aware, the novels become the model of life for many of us. Is there still place in our society for these words of Jesus: “Blessed are those who are persecuted for the cause of justice and of the Gospel? Blessed are the poor! Blessed are those who weep!”? And according to me, being a Christian, in fact, who is blessed?

Personal Questions

           We all want to be happy. All of us! But are we truly happy? Why yes? Why no? How can we understand that a person can be poor and happy at the same time?

           In which moments of your life have you felt truly happy? Was it a happiness like the one proclaimed by Jesus in the Beatitudes, or was it of another type?

Concluding Prayer

I lift up my eyes to the mountains; where is my help to come from?

My help comes from Yahweh who made heaven and earth. (Ps 121: 1-2)

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